ahriman: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Rare / C2
UK/ˈɑːrɪmən/US/ˈɑrɪmən/

Literary / Religious / Historical

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Quick answer

What does “ahriman” mean?

The supreme evil spirit and principle of evil in Zoroastrianism.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

The supreme evil spirit and principle of evil in Zoroastrianism; the devil, the destructive spirit.

The term can be used metaphorically or in a literary context to refer to a personification of ultimate evil, darkness, or destructive force.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant difference in usage or meaning. The term is equally rare in both varieties.

Connotations

Elicits connotations of ancient dualistic religion, cosmic evil, and literary archaism.

Frequency

Extremely low frequency in both corpora, appearing primarily in religious, philosophical, or literary texts.

Grammar

How to Use “ahriman” in a Sentence

Ahriman (as subject) + verb (personified action)Ahriman + of + abstract noun (e.g., Ahriman of destruction)

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
duel with Ahrimanforces of AhrimanAhriman and Ahura Mazda
medium
like Ahrimanembody Ahrimantriumph over Ahriman
weak
ancient Ahrimandark Ahrimanpower of Ahriman

Examples

Examples of “ahriman” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • N/A

American English

  • N/A

adverb

British English

  • N/A

American English

  • N/A

adjective

British English

  • The poet described a landscape of Ahrimanic desolation.

American English

  • His worldview had a stark, almost Ahriman dualism.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Virtually never used.

Academic

Used in religious studies, history of religion, or comparative mythology contexts.

Everyday

Extremely unlikely to be used; would be considered obscure or pretentious.

Technical

Specific term in Zoroastrian theology and studies of dualistic systems.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “ahriman”

Strong

the principle of evilthe destructive spiritthe lord of darkness

Neutral

the DevilSatanthe Adversary

Weak

demonic forceevil beingarchfiend

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “ahriman”

Ahura MazdaOrmazdthe principle of goodthe lord of light

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “ahriman”

  • Using it uncapitalized (ahriman).
  • Using it as a common noun for any minor evil spirit.
  • Mispronouncing the first syllable as 'ay' instead of 'ah'.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

While conceptually similar as a personification of supreme evil, Ahriman is specific to Zoroastrianism, and Satan to Abrahamic religions. Their theological roles and origins differ.

The standard pronunciation is AH-ri-mən, with the stress on the first syllable, which rhymes with 'car'.

This is highly unusual and would likely confuse most listeners. It's a proper noun and should be capitalized. Using it metaphorically requires a context where the Zoroastrian allusion is understood.

It is included because it is a loanword with a fixed meaning, appears in translations of significant religious texts and in English literature (e.g., Milton, Byron), and is a key term for understanding dualistic thought.

The supreme evil spirit and principle of evil in Zoroastrianism.

Ahriman is usually literary / religious / historical in register.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • None specific to this proper noun.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Ahriman sounds like 'Aargh, a man!' Think of an evil spirit that makes people scream 'Aargh!' when it appears as a man.

Conceptual Metaphor

EVIL IS A DARK OPPOSING FORCE / THE COSMOS IS A MORAL DUALITY.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In Zoroastrian belief, is the eternal adversary of Ahura Mazda.
Multiple Choice

In which context is the word 'Ahriman' most appropriately used?