al hijrah: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Low (Specialised/Religious context)
UK/æl ˈhɪdʒ.rə/US/ɑːl ˈhɪdʒ.rə/

Formal, religious, historical, academic, journalistic (when referring to the Islamic calendar or new year).

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Quick answer

What does “al hijrah” mean?

The Islamic New Year.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

The Islamic New Year; the first day of the month of Muharram, marking the migration (hijrah) of the Prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE.

A foundational event in Islamic history signifying the establishment of the first Muslim community (Ummah) in Medina, serving as the starting point of the Islamic lunar calendar (Hijri calendar).

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

In UK contexts, the Arabic transliteration 'Hijrah' is more common, while US media may also use the older anglicised form 'Hegira'. Both are understood.

Connotations

Neutral/formal in both dialects when used in correct context. Misuse in non-Islamic contexts would be rare and marked as odd.

Frequency

Equally low frequency in both dialects, appearing almost exclusively in religious, historical, or international news contexts related to the Islamic world.

Grammar

How to Use “al hijrah” in a Sentence

[Muslims/Communities] + observe/celebrate + Al Hijrah.Al Hijrah + marks/commemorates + [the migration/the new year].The date of + Al Hijrah + varies + each Gregorian year.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
marks Al Hijrahcelebrate Al Hijrahbeginning of Al Hijrahthe first of Muharram (Al Hijrah)
medium
the Al Hijrah holidayAl Hijrah commemoratesthe Islamic New Year (Al Hijrah)date of Al Hijrah
weak
observeyearcalendarMuslimmigration

Examples

Examples of “al hijrah” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The community will hijrah? (Not used as a verb in modern English.)
  • They made their hijrah to Medina. (Noun used in a verbal sense, archaic.)

American English

  • (Similarly not used as a standard verb.)
  • The early Muslims hijrahed? (Incorrect/archaic.)

adverb

British English

  • (Not used as an adverb.)

American English

  • (Not used as an adverb.)

adjective

British English

  • The Hijrah calendar is lunar.
  • They attended a Hijrah celebration.

American English

  • The Hegira year is 1446.
  • He gave a Hijrah-related lecture.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare. May appear in global company calendars noting international holidays.

Academic

Common in religious studies, history, and Middle Eastern studies texts.

Everyday

Very rare outside Muslim communities. May be mentioned in news about holiday announcements.

Technical

Used in astronomy/calendar calculations for converting between Hijri and Gregorian dates.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “al hijrah”

Strong

the Hegira (dated/formal)Muharram 1

Neutral

the Hijrahthe Islamic New Yearthe Muslim New Year

Weak

the migration

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “al hijrah”

Gregorian New Year (Jan 1)Nowruz (Persian New Year)Chinese New Year

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “al hijrah”

  • Pronouncing the 'j' as in 'jump' (it is a /dʒ/ sound).
  • Using 'Al Hijrah' to refer to any migration.
  • Writing 'Hijra' without the 'h' can refer to a different concept in South Asian contexts (third gender).

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No, it is typically observed with religious reflection, prayers, and sermons, not with parties and fireworks.

Because it follows the Islamic lunar calendar, which is about 10-12 days shorter than the solar Gregorian calendar.

'Hijrah' is a direct transliteration from Arabic. 'Hegira' is an older Latinised/English adaptation of the same word. 'Hijrah' is more common in modern usage.

While some may use it, more common and appropriate Islamic greetings are 'Hijri New Year Mubarak' (Blessed Hijri New Year) or 'Kul 'am wa antum bi-khair' (May you be well every year).

The Islamic New Year.

Al hijrah is usually formal, religious, historical, academic, journalistic (when referring to the islamic calendar or new year). in register.

Al hijrah: in British English it is pronounced /æl ˈhɪdʒ.rə/, and in American English it is pronounced /ɑːl ˈhɪdʒ.rə/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • A personal hijrah (metaphorical): a major migration or transformative journey in one's life.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: "A Journey Hijacks the Calendar" – Al Hijrah was the journey (Hijrah) that 'hijacked' and started a new calendar.

Conceptual Metaphor

JOURNEY AS A NEW BEGINNING; MIGRATION AS FOUNDATION.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The Islamic lunar calendar, also known as the calendar, begins with the event of Al Hijrah.
Multiple Choice

What does Al Hijrah primarily commemorate?