alkaloid: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C1/C2
UK/ˈælkəlɔɪd/US/ˈælkəˌlɔɪd/

Academic, Scientific, Medical, Technical

My Flashcards

Quick answer

What does “alkaloid” mean?

A naturally occurring organic compound, mostly from plants, containing nitrogen and having basic (alkaline) properties.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A naturally occurring organic compound, mostly from plants, containing nitrogen and having basic (alkaline) properties; often pharmacologically active.

Any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds of plant origin which are often physiologically active and can include many drugs (e.g., morphine, quinine, caffeine, nicotine) and poisons (e.g., strychnine).

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant spelling or usage differences. Pronunciation of the stressed vowel /æ/ vs /æ/ or /ɔː/ may vary slightly (see IPA).

Connotations

Identical technical connotations.

Frequency

Equally low-frequency in general discourse but common in specialised fields.

Grammar

How to Use “alkaloid” in a Sentence

The plant CONTAINS several alkaloids.Researchers ISOLATED a new alkaloid FROM the bark.Alkaloids ARE CLASSIFIED by their chemical structure.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
plant alkaloidindole alkaloidpotent alkaloidalkaloid contenttoxic alkaloid
medium
extract alkaloidsisolate an alkaloidalkaloid productionalkaloid derivative
weak
rich in alkaloidscontains alkaloidsalkaloid structurestudy of alkaloids

Examples

Examples of “alkaloid” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • N/A

American English

  • N/A

adverb

British English

  • N/A

American English

  • N/A

adjective

British English

  • The alkaloid fraction of the extract showed high activity.
  • They conducted an alkaloid analysis.

American English

  • The plant's alkaloid profile is complex.
  • Alkaloid chemistry is a key research area.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare, except in pharmaceutical or herbal supplement industries regarding product composition.

Academic

Common in chemistry, pharmacology, botany, and medicine papers and textbooks.

Everyday

Very rare. Might be encountered in discussions about coffee, tea, or plant poisoning.

Technical

Standard term in organic chemistry, pharmacognosy, and toxicology.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “alkaloid”

Strong

secondary metabolite

Neutral

nitrogenous baseplant base

Weak

active principlenatural product

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “alkaloid”

acidglycoside (a different class of plant metabolite)

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “alkaloid”

  • Mispronouncing as 'al-kay-loid'.
  • Using as a synonym for any toxin or drug (e.g., 'That's a powerful alkaloid' when referring to a synthetic drug).

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, caffeine is a purine alkaloid, a class of nitrogenous compounds found in plants like coffee beans and tea leaves.

No. While many are toxic in high doses, others are benign or beneficial. The effects depend on the specific alkaloid and the dose (e.g., theophylline in tea is a medicine, morphine is a painkiller).

Yes. While they originate in nature, many important alkaloids like morphine and quinine are now also synthesised or semi-synthesised in laboratories.

Both are plant metabolites. Alkaloids contain nitrogen and are basic. Glycosides contain a sugar moiety bonded to a non-sugar part and are not necessarily basic (e.g., cardiac glycosides like digoxin).

A naturally occurring organic compound, mostly from plants, containing nitrogen and having basic (alkaline) properties.

Alkaloid is usually academic, scientific, medical, technical in register.

Alkaloid: in British English it is pronounced /ˈælkəlɔɪd/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈælkəˌlɔɪd/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • None

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: 'ALKAloid' - like an 'alkali' (base) from a plant 'oid' (resembling). Alkali-like compounds from plants.

Conceptual Metaphor

PLANT'S CHEMICAL WEAPON or NATURE'S PHARMACY.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
Quinine, a bitter found in cinchona bark, was historically used to treat malaria.
Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of an alkaloid?