arch dam: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Low (Technical)
UK/ˌɑːtʃ ˈdæm/US/ˌɑːrtʃ ˈdæm/

Formal / Technical

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Quick answer

What does “arch dam” mean?

A concrete dam curved upstream in plan, which uses its curved shape to transfer the water's pressure to its abutments (the rock or earth at its sides).

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A concrete dam curved upstream in plan, which uses its curved shape to transfer the water's pressure to its abutments (the rock or earth at its sides).

A sophisticated type of dam primarily built in narrow gorges where the rock walls are strong enough to resist the arch's thrust. Its design represents a key concept in structural engineering, emphasizing material efficiency and the use of shape for strength.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant differences in meaning or usage between BrE and AmE. The term is used identically in technical contexts globally.

Connotations

Conveys notions of advanced engineering, elegance in design, and suitability for specific geological sites.

Frequency

Equal, low frequency in both dialects, confined to engineering, geography, and construction fields.

Grammar

How to Use “arch dam” in a Sentence

The [arch dam] [verbs: spans, curves, transfers] [object/force] to [location/abutments].An [arch dam] was [verbs: built, constructed, designed] in the [narrow gorge/canyon].

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
concrete arch damdouble-curvature arch dambuild/construct an arch damabutments of an arch dam
medium
thin arch damdesign of an arch damarch dam projectarch dam structure
weak
large arch dammodern arch damsafety of the arch damheight of the arch dam

Examples

Examples of “arch dam” in a Sentence

adjective

British English

  • The arch-dam design was revolutionary for its time.
  • They commissioned an arch-dam feasibility study.

American English

  • The arch-dam design was groundbreaking for its time.
  • They commissioned an arch-dam feasibility study.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Used in reports and proposals for infrastructure projects, discussing costs, feasibility, and contract specifics.

Academic

Central term in civil engineering textbooks and research papers on dam design, structural analysis, and hydraulic forces.

Everyday

Rare. Might be used in documentaries, news reports about major construction, or tourism for famous dams like the Hoover Dam.

Technical

The primary context. Used in design specifications, geological surveys, structural calculations, and engineering discussions.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “arch dam”

Strong

arch-gravity dam (a specific hybrid type)

Neutral

curved dam

Weak

concrete dam (broader category)

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “arch dam”

gravity damembankment dambuttress dam

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “arch dam”

  • Confusing 'arch dam' with any dam that looks curved from the front (many gravity dams have a curved face but work on a different principle).
  • Using 'arc dam' (incorrect).
  • Mispronouncing 'arch' as /ɑːrtʃ/ (like the verb) in British English; the BrE pronunciation for the noun in this context is /ɑːtʃ/.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

The Hoover Dam is technically a massive concrete arch-gravity dam. It combines the arch principle with the sheer mass of a gravity dam for added stability.

Its main advantages are material efficiency (it uses less concrete than a gravity dam for the same height) and great strength, making it ideal for very high dams in suitable locations.

No. Arch dams require solid, competent rock at the abutments (sides) to resist the tremendous lateral thrust generated by the water pressure. Soft ground cannot provide this necessary support.

A single curvature dam is curved only in the horizontal plane (like a simple arch). A double curvature dam (or 'shell' arch dam) is curved in both the horizontal and vertical planes, making it even thinner and more efficient, resembling a dome or an upside-down bowl.

A concrete dam curved upstream in plan, which uses its curved shape to transfer the water's pressure to its abutments (the rock or earth at its sides).

Arch dam is usually formal / technical in register.

Arch dam: in British English it is pronounced /ˌɑːtʃ ˈdæm/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˌɑːrtʃ ˈdæm/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • [None. This is a technical term, not used idiomatically.]

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Imagine a giant stone ARCH in a narrow valley, pushing back against a lake's weight – that's an ARCH DAM.

Conceptual Metaphor

A DAM AS A SHIELD/BOW: The arch dam is conceptualized as a shield curving to deflect pressure, or as a bow being compressed, storing strength in its shape.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
An is most suitable for a narrow canyon with strong rock walls.
Multiple Choice

What is the primary structural principle of an arch dam?