biopiracy: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Low (C1-C2)
UK/ˌbaɪəʊˈpaɪrəsi/US/ˌbaɪoʊˈpaɪrəsi/

Academic, journalistic, activist, legal/technical

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Quick answer

What does “biopiracy” mean?

The unethical and/or illegal exploitation or commercial use of biological resources and/or traditional knowledge, often from indigenous or local communities, without their permission and/or without fair compensation.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

The unethical and/or illegal exploitation or commercial use of biological resources and/or traditional knowledge, often from indigenous or local communities, without their permission and/or without fair compensation.

A practice where individuals, corporations, or institutions patent genetic resources, medicinal plants, or agricultural knowledge that originates from developing countries or indigenous cultures, thereby gaining exclusive rights over biological materials that were traditionally in the public domain. The term implies a form of 'theft' of natural and cultural heritage.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant difference in meaning or usage; the term is used identically in both varieties.

Connotations

Equally strong negative connotations in both varieties.

Frequency

Slightly more frequent in British media and activist circles, but a recognisable term in relevant American contexts.

Grammar

How to Use “biopiracy” in a Sentence

[Subject] engaged in biopiracy[Subject] was accused of biopiracy for [verb-ing] [object][Subject] patented [resource] in an act of biopiracyThe biopiracy of [resource] from [country/community]

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
accused ofguilty offight againstvictim ofcase ofallegations ofcombatcondemnperpetrate
medium
preventstopcampaign againstlaws againstissues ofdebate overcharge of
weak
seriouscorporateinternationalgeneticpharmaceuticalglobalmodernwidespread

Examples

Examples of “biopiracy” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The verb form is not standard. Use 'to engage in biopiracy' or 'to commit biopiracy'.

American English

  • The verb form is not standard. Use 'to practice biopiracy' or 'to be guilty of biopiracy'.

adverb

British English

  • Not applicable.

American English

  • Not applicable.

adjective

British English

  • biopiratical (very rare)
  • a biopiracy case

American English

  • biopiratic (very rare)
  • a biopiracy lawsuit

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Used in CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) reports and ethical investment discussions: 'The company's reputation was damaged by biopiracy allegations.'

Academic

Used in anthropology, environmental law, bioethics, and development studies: 'The paper analyses legal frameworks designed to curb biopiracy.'

Everyday

Rarely used in casual conversation. Might appear in documentaries or serious news articles.

Technical

Used in international law (e.g., Nagoya Protocol), patent law, and biodiversity conservation: 'The application was rejected on grounds of potential biopiracy.'

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “biopiracy”

Strong

bio-theftplunder of genetic resourcesexploitation of traditional knowledge

Neutral

bioprospecting (though this is a broader, more neutral term)unauthorized exploitation

Weak

misappropriationunethical patenting

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “biopiracy”

fair-trade sourcingethical bioprospectingbenefit-sharing agreementprior informed consent

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “biopiracy”

  • Misspelling as 'biopracy' or 'biopirasy'.
  • Using it as a verb (e.g., 'to biopirate' is non-standard; use 'to engage in biopiracy').
  • Confusing it with the neutral term 'bioprospecting'.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No. Bioprospecting is the broader search for useful compounds in nature. Biopiracy is a subset of bioprospecting that is done unethically or illegally, without permission or fair compensation.

It is not a universally defined crime like theft. However, specific acts falling under this label may violate national laws on access to genetic resources, patent laws (if prior art exists), or international agreements like the Nagoya Protocol.

One often-cited case involves the neem tree of India. A US corporation patented a fungicide derived from neem, despite its centuries of traditional use in Indian agriculture. The patent was later challenged and revoked.

Indigenous peoples and local communities in biodiversity-rich developing countries (e.g., in the Amazon, India, Africa) are most vulnerable, as their traditional knowledge and local genetic resources are exploited without their consent or benefit.

The unethical and/or illegal exploitation or commercial use of biological resources and/or traditional knowledge, often from indigenous or local communities, without their permission and/or without fair compensation.

Biopiracy is usually academic, journalistic, activist, legal/technical in register.

Biopiracy: in British English it is pronounced /ˌbaɪəʊˈpaɪrəsi/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˌbaɪoʊˈpaɪrəsi/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • Not applicable. This is a technical/legal term not used in idiomatic expressions.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of a pirate (pirate) stealing a treasure chest full of seeds and plants (bio-). 'Bio-Pirate-See' – seeing a pirate steal biological treasure.

Conceptual Metaphor

INTELLECTUAL/TECHNOLOGICAL ACTIVITY IS THEFT (a specific subtype: the exploitation of biological knowledge is piracy on the high seas of global resources).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The non-profit organisation campaigns against the of medicinal plants from indigenous communities.
Multiple Choice

What is the primary implication of the term 'biopiracy'?