cadmium sulphide

C2
UK/ˈkædmiəm ˈsʌlfaɪd/US/ˈkædmiəm ˈsʌlˌfaɪd/

Technical/Scientific

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Definition

Meaning

A yellow to orange solid chemical compound of cadmium and sulfur with the formula CdS.

A photoconductive semiconductor material used historically in pigments, electronics, photocells, and as a precursor for other cadmium compounds.

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

Primarily refers to a specific chemical material. The term functions as a compound noun where 'cadmium' specifies the type of sulphide. The spelling variant 'cadmium sulfide' is standard in American English contexts.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

British English typically uses 'sulphide'; American English uses 'sulfide'. The core term is identical in usage across both variants.

Connotations

No significant connotative difference. Both denote the same chemical compound.

Frequency

Usage frequency is tied entirely to technical, industrial, and scientific contexts in both regions. Extremely rare in general discourse.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
cadmium sulphide pigmentcadmium sulphide solar cellcadmium sulphide nanoparticlescrystalline cadmium sulphide
medium
synthesis of cadmium sulphidethin film of cadmium sulphideyellow cadmium sulphide
weak
contains cadmium sulphidebased on cadmium sulphideapplication of cadmium sulphide

Grammar

Valency Patterns

[Compound Noun] + verb (e.g., Cadmium sulphide is used...)[Compound Noun] + preposition + noun (e.g., a layer of cadmium sulphide)Adjective + [Compound Noun] (e.g., synthetic cadmium sulphide)

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Neutral

CdS

Weak

cadmium yellow (in pigment context)

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Rare; may appear in procurement, supply chain, or regulatory documents for pigments or electronic components.

Academic

Common in chemistry, materials science, physics, and engineering papers discussing semiconductors, photovoltaics, or pigment history.

Everyday

Virtually non-existent.

Technical

The primary register. Used in specifications, research, safety data sheets, and technical manuals.

Examples

By Part of Speech

adjective

British English

  • The cadmium-sulphide layer was deposited.
  • Cadmium-sulphide-based pigments are restricted.

American English

  • The cadmium-sulfide coating is applied.
  • Cadmium-sulfide-containing waste requires special handling.

Examples

By CEFR Level

B1
  • Cadmium sulphide is a yellow chemical.
  • Some artists used paints with cadmium sulphide.
B2
  • The historical pigment cadmium yellow was made from cadmium sulphide.
  • Due to its toxicity, the use of cadmium sulphide in consumer products is now heavily regulated.
C1
  • Researchers are investigating the photoconductive properties of colloidal cadmium sulphide nanoparticles for use in next-generation solar cells.
  • The synthesis of high-purity cadmium sulphide requires stringent control over reaction temperature and precursor concentrations.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: 'CADets MIxed with SULPHur' to make a yellow solid (CdS). The 'cad' comes from 'cadmium', and 'sulphide' from sulphur.

Conceptual Metaphor

N/A (Highly technical term with little metaphorical extension.)

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • May be translated as 'сульфид кадмия' (sul'fid kadmiya). No significant traps; it's a direct technical equivalent.
  • Ensure the correct transliteration of 'cadmium' (кадмий) and 'sulphide/sulfide' (сульфид).

Common Mistakes

  • Misspelling as 'cadmium sulphate' (a different compound, CdSO₄).
  • Incorrectly capitalizing 'sulphide'.
  • Using it as a countable noun (e.g., 'a cadmium sulphide') instead of a mass/uncountable noun.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The bright yellow pigment, historically known as cadmium yellow, was primarily composed of .
Multiple Choice

In which field is the term 'cadmium sulphide' MOST commonly used?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes. Cadmium compounds are toxic and carcinogenic. Cadmium sulphide dust is hazardous if inhaled, and the compound poses environmental risks.

Its primary historical use was as a yellow-to-orange pigment (cadmium yellow/orange). Modern uses include semiconductors, photoresistors, thin-film solar cells, and photocatalysis research.

Cadmium sulphide (CdS) is a sulfide compound, yellow and insoluble. Cadmium sulfate (CdSO₄) is a sulfate salt, white and soluble in water. They are chemically distinct.

'Sulphide' is the traditional British English spelling, while 'sulfide' is the standard American English spelling. The chemical symbol (S) and pronunciation remain the same.