cataract: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Low frequency, C1/C2 level. The medical sense is more common than the waterfall sense in general usage.
UK/ˈkæt.ə.rækt/US/ˈkæt̬.ə.rækt/

Formal or technical. The waterfall sense is literary/geographical. The medical sense is standard in healthcare contexts.

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Quick answer

What does “cataract” mean?

1. A large waterfall or a cascade of water, often of great volume and force.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

1. A large waterfall or a cascade of water, often of great volume and force. 2. A medical condition where the lens of the eye becomes progressively opaque, leading to blurred vision.

The term can be used metaphorically to describe any overwhelming rush or downpour, such as 'a cataract of rain' or 'a cataract of criticism'. In geology, it can refer to a steep descent in a riverbed.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant difference in core meaning or usage. Pronunciation differs slightly (see IPA).

Connotations

The medical sense is universally clinical. The waterfall sense may carry more poetic/literary connotations in both varieties.

Frequency

The medical sense is vastly more frequent in everyday conversation for both BrE and AmE speakers.

Grammar

How to Use “cataract” in a Sentence

[Patient] developed a cataract.[Surgeon] removed the cataract from [Patient's] eye.The [River] plunges over a cataract.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
surgery for a cataractremove a cataractdevelop a cataractcataract extractioncataract formation
medium
dense cataractmature cataractnuclear cataractroaring cataractmighty cataract
weak
cataract of lightcataract of soundcataract of information

Examples

Examples of “cataract” in a Sentence

noun

British English

  • The patient's cataract was now mature enough for surgery.
  • They hiked to the base of the thundering cataract.

American English

  • Her cataract developed slowly over several years.
  • The river's final descent was a massive cataract.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare. Possibly in insurance/healthcare benefits contexts.

Academic

Common in medical, biological, and geographical literature.

Everyday

Primarily in discussions about health, ageing, and eye care.

Technical

Core term in ophthalmology and hydrology/geomorphology.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “cataract”

Strong

falls (sense 1)rapids (sense 1, but not exact)cataract surgery (as a fixed phrase for sense 2)

Neutral

waterfall (sense 1)cascade (sense 1)clouding (sense 2)opacity (sense 2)

Weak

torrent (sense 1 metaphoric)deluge (sense 1 metaphoric)vision loss/impairment (sense 2, broader)

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “cataract”

clarity (for sense 2)transparency (for sense 2)trickle (for sense 1)clear lens (for sense 2)

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “cataract”

  • Confusing 'cataract' with 'glaucoma' (another eye disease).
  • Using 'cataract' for any large waterfall instead of specifically powerful, steep ones.
  • Misspelling as 'cateract'.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, etymologically. Both derive from the Latin 'cataracta' meaning 'portcullis' (a heavy gate). This evolved to mean 'waterfall' (like a gate of water) and later the eye condition (something that descends like a gate, obstructing vision).

Mostly, yes (age-related cataracts are most common). However, congenital cataracts (present at birth) and secondary cataracts (from injury, disease, or medication) can occur at any age.

It is less typical. 'Cataract' implies size, power, and often steepness. For a small waterfall, 'cascade', 'fall', or simply 'waterfall' is more appropriate.

In modern practice, it is considered one of the safest and most routine surgical procedures with a very high success rate. As with any surgery, risks exist but are minimal.

1. A large waterfall or a cascade of water, often of great volume and force.

Cataract is usually formal or technical. the waterfall sense is literary/geographical. the medical sense is standard in healthcare contexts. in register.

Cataract: in British English it is pronounced /ˈkæt.ə.rækt/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈkæt̬.ə.rækt/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • None directly using 'cataract' as a key component. The word itself is used literally or in metaphor.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Imagine a CAT being RACED towards a huge waterfall (cataract). The cat's vision gets blurry from the spray, linking the two meanings.

Conceptual Metaphor

VISION IS CLARITY / A CATARACT IS AN OBSTRUCTION. Also, INTENSE FORCE IS A CATASTROPHIC FLOW (cataract of anger).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
After the diagnosis, she scheduled to restore her vision.
Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the LEAST likely meaning of 'cataract' in modern English?