christian democracy: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C2
UK/ˌkrɪs.tʃən dɪˈmɒk.rə.si/US/ˌkrɪs.tʃən dɪˈmɑː.krə.si/

Formal, Academic, Political

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Quick answer

What does “christian democracy” mean?

A political ideology that promotes democratic governance combined with Christian social teachings, emphasising human dignity, social solidarity, subsidiarity, and the common good.

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Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A political ideology that promotes democratic governance combined with Christian social teachings, emphasising human dignity, social solidarity, subsidiarity, and the common good.

A centrist political movement and party family, historically prominent in Western Europe and Latin America, which seeks to apply Christian ethical principles (often Catholic social teaching) to public policy. It generally supports a social market economy, moderate welfare states, and pluralistic democracy, while being socially conservative on certain issues.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

In the UK, the term is used primarily in political science and historical contexts, as no major party bears the name. In the US, the term is rare in domestic politics but used in international/comparative political analysis. The American usage may more frequently reference the international movement.

Connotations

In the UK/EU: Connotes mainstream, centre-right, historically powerful post-war European parties. In the US: May be perceived as a somewhat foreign concept, sometimes conflated with the 'Religious Right' by non-experts, though they are ideologically distinct.

Frequency

Low frequency in general discourse in both regions. Much higher frequency in academic political science, history, and European news contexts.

Grammar

How to Use “christian democracy” in a Sentence

[Christian democracy] + [verb: flourished, emerged, declined, advocates][The] + [ideology/party] + [of] + [Christian democracy][Christian democracy] + [is/was] + [based on/founded on] + [noun phrase]

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
European Christian democracyChristian democracy partyprinciples of Christian democracytradition of Christian democracyrise of Christian democracy
medium
Christian democracy movementChristian democracy in ItalyChristian democracy and the welfare stateChristian democracy ideologyleader of Christian democracy
weak
modern Christian democracyhistory of Christian democracyfuture of Christian democracystrong Christian democracyChristian democracy today

Examples

Examples of “christian democracy” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The movement sought to christian-democratise the post-war political landscape.

adjective

British English

  • The Christian-democratic tradition remains influential in the EU.

American English

  • Scholars analyzed the Christian-democratic foundations of the social market economy.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare, except in discussions of the social market economy model.

Academic

Frequent in political science, modern history, and comparative politics texts.

Everyday

Very rare; used mainly in news about European politics.

Technical

Common as a specific classification in political party databases and ideological analysis.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “christian democracy”

Strong

Christian democratic party familyConfessional democracy (historical/academic)

Neutral

Christian democratic movementChristian democratic ideologyChristian political movement

Weak

Centrist Christian politicsSocial Catholicism (partial overlap)

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “christian democracy”

Secular liberalismMarxist socialismTheocratic absolutismLaïcité (as strict secularism)Libertarianism

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “christian democracy”

  • Capitalising incorrectly: 'christian Democracy'. It's either both words capitalised (as proper ideology/party name) or neither.
  • Using 'Christian democrat' (a person/party member) interchangeably with 'Christian democracy' (the ideology).
  • Confusing it with the 'Christian Right' or evangelical politics in the US, which is different in origin and policy focus.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No. Christian democracy supports democratic governance within a pluralistic society, not a theocracy. It seeks to apply Christian ethical principles to policy, not to impose a state religion.

Prominent examples include the CDU/CSU in Germany, ÖVP in Austria, and various parties in the European People's Party (EPP) group in the EU. Historically, Italy's Democrazia Cristiana (DC) was a major force.

Not as a major, self-identified political movement. The US political landscape, with its different religious history and two-party system, has not produced a major party analogous to European Christian democracy.

It is traditionally considered centre-right on economic and cultural issues, but its strong support for social welfare can place it to the left of liberal or conservative parties on some economic policies. It is a distinct 'centrist' tradition.

A political ideology that promotes democratic governance combined with Christian social teachings, emphasising human dignity, social solidarity, subsidiarity, and the common good.

Christian democracy is usually formal, academic, political in register.

Christian democracy: in British English it is pronounced /ˌkrɪs.tʃən dɪˈmɒk.rə.si/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˌkrɪs.tʃən dɪˈmɑː.krə.si/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • A 'third way' between socialism and laissez-faire capitalism (often associated with Christian democracy)

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: 'CHRISTIAN' values + 'DEMOCRACY' = a political system that votes for social welfare based on religious ethics.

Conceptual Metaphor

POLITICS IS A MORAL JOURNEY (guided by faith-based principles towards a just society).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
After the war, several nations saw the rise of parties which blended Catholic social teaching with democratic governance.
Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a core principle most associated with Christian democracy?