chroma: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C2 / Technical / Low-frequency
UK/ˈkrəʊ.mə/US/ˈkroʊ.mə/

Technical, formal, academic; rarely used in everyday conversation.

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Quick answer

What does “chroma” mean?

The purity or intensity of a colour.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

The purity or intensity of a colour; the quality of a colour that combines its hue and saturation, independent of brightness.

In technical fields like photography, video, and digital imaging, it refers specifically to the colour information component of a signal, separate from luminance (brightness). In colour science, it is a key attribute in colour models like CIE L*C*h°.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant lexical differences. Pronunciation differs slightly.

Connotations

Purely technical term in both varieties.

Frequency

Equally low-frequency and specialised in both regions.

Grammar

How to Use “chroma” in a Sentence

[Noun] has high/low chroma.The [technical process] separates luma from chroma.Adjust the [setting] to modify the chroma.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
high chromachroma subsamplingchroma keychroma noise
medium
chroma informationchroma channelreduce the chroma
weak
vivid chromachroma adjustmentcontrol the chroma

Examples

Examples of “chroma” in a Sentence

adjective

British English

  • The chroma signal was improperly encoded.
  • A chroma adjustment layer was added.

American English

  • The chroma information is processed separately.
  • Check the chroma settings in the software.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Used in marketing and design discussions about brand colours.

Academic

Central in papers on colour science, vision, and image processing.

Everyday

Virtually unused; replaced by words like 'colour' or 'vividness'.

Technical

Precise term in video engineering, photography, and digital colour management.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “chroma”

Strong

saturation (in technical contexts)

Neutral

colour intensitysaturationcolourfulness

Weak

purity (of colour)vividness

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “chroma”

achromatismgreynessmonochromeluminance (as a separate component)

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “chroma”

  • Using 'chroma' to mean simply 'colour' (e.g., 'I like the chroma of your shirt').
  • Confusing 'chroma' with 'chromatic' (relating to colour in general) or 'chrome' (the metal).
  • Pronouncing it /krɒmə/ (like 'chrome-a') instead of /ˈkroʊ.mə/.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

In many colour models (like HSL), they are used interchangeably. However, in more precise models (like CIELAB or L*C*h°), 'Chroma' is a specific, calculated metric of colourfulness, while 'saturation' is chroma relative to lightness. In common technical parlance, they are very close synonyms.

You will encounter it most in professional video editing software (settings for chroma key, chroma noise reduction), photography texts discussing colour theory, and scientific literature on colour perception and measurement.

No, 'chroma' is exclusively a noun. There is no verb form 'to chroma'. The related process is 'chroma keying'.

In video and image processing, the signal is often split into two parts: **luma** carries the brightness/lightness information (the black-and-white picture), and **chroma** carries the colour information (what tint to apply to the luma). This separation allows for efficient compression and processing.

The purity or intensity of a colour.

Chroma is usually technical, formal, academic; rarely used in everyday conversation. in register.

Chroma: in British English it is pronounced /ˈkrəʊ.mə/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈkroʊ.mə/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • Chroma key (the technique for green/blue screen)

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of a **CHRO**matic (colourful) **MA**gnifying glass focusing on the pure colour, not the brightness.

Conceptual Metaphor

COLOUR IS A VECTOR: Chroma is the 'magnitude' or 'strength' of the colour vector, while hue is its direction.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In the HSL colour model, the 'S' stands for saturation, which is essentially synonymous with .
Multiple Choice

What does 'chroma' specifically refer to in colour science?