cirque: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C2
UK/sɜːk/US/sɜːrk/

Formal / Technical / Literary

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Quick answer

What does “cirque” mean?

A steep-walled, bowl-shaped hollow in a mountain, often formed by glacial erosion.

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Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A steep-walled, bowl-shaped hollow in a mountain, often formed by glacial erosion.

In geology, a specific landform (glacial cirque or corrie). In a literary or poetic sense, can refer to any deep, rounded hollow or natural amphitheatre.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

The term is equally understood in both variants. The British term 'corrie' (from Scottish Gaelic) and the Welsh 'cwm' are near-synonyms more common in UK regional geography.

Connotations

Neutral and technical in both. In the US, 'cirque' is the standard geological term. In the UK, 'corrie' or 'cwm' may be more familiar in non-specialist contexts.

Frequency

Very low frequency in everyday language in both regions. Slightly higher frequency in the US as the primary technical term.

Grammar

How to Use “cirque” in a Sentence

The + [Noun] + is a cirqueA cirque + [Verb: formed, carved, contains][Glacier] + carved/formed + a cirque

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
glacial cirquemountain cirquecirque lakecirque floor
medium
steep-sided cirqueclassic cirqueform a cirquecarved a cirque
weak
deep cirquerocky cirquecirque wallcirque basin

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Virtually never used.

Academic

Used in geology, physical geography, and environmental science papers.

Everyday

Extremely rare; might be encountered in travel writing about mountainous regions.

Technical

Standard term in glaciology, geomorphology, and mountaineering literature.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “cirque”

Strong

glacial amphitheatreglacial basin

Neutral

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “cirque”

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “cirque”

  • Mispronouncing as /sɜːrkjuː/ (like 'circuit').
  • Misspelling as 'cirq' or 'circ'.
  • Using in general conversation where 'valley' or 'basin' would be more appropriate.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, both words derive from the Latin 'circus', meaning 'circle' or 'ring'. 'Cirque' entered English via French, retaining the sense of a circular shape.

Almost never in standard usage. It is a term for a natural landform. Using it for a man-made structure would be poetic or metaphorical.

A cirque is a specific, bowl-shaped, steep-sided hollow at the head of a valley or on a mountainside, often the source of a glacier. A valley is a longer, linear depression between hills or mountains.

Pronounce it like 'sirk' (/sɜːrk/ in American English, /sɜːk/ in British English). It rhymes with 'irk' and 'work', not 'circuit'.

A steep-walled, bowl-shaped hollow in a mountain, often formed by glacial erosion.

Cirque is usually formal / technical / literary in register.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • Cirque of the [proper noun, e.g., Towers, Unclimbables] (used in names of famous mountain features)

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Imagine a CIRCUS in the mountains, but the 's' is frozen into ice, leaving a CIRQUE - a round, steep-sided arena carved by a glacier.

Conceptual Metaphor

NATURAL FORM AS ARCHITECTURE (a bowl, an amphitheatre, a theatre carved by nature).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
A classic glacial like this one typically contains a small lake, or tarn, on its floor.
Multiple Choice

In which field is the term 'cirque' primarily used?