cleft: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C1
UK/klɛft/US/klɛft/

formal, literary, technical

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Quick answer

What does “cleft” mean?

A natural opening or split, especially in rock or in the human body.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A natural opening or split, especially in rock or in the human body.

1) (n) A split or division in a group or organization. 2) (adj) Split or divided. 3) (linguistics) A construction that emphasizes part of a sentence (e.g., "It was John who left").

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

Usage is largely identical, though 'cleft palate' is the universal medical term.

Connotations

Slightly more literary in general use in both varieties.

Frequency

Equally uncommon in everyday speech in both regions, primarily found in technical/geological/medical contexts.

Grammar

How to Use “cleft” in a Sentence

[BE] cleft in two[HAVE] a cleft [in NP][STAND] in a cleft

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
cleft palatecleft chinrock cleftdeep cleft
medium
cleft in thecleft betweennarrow cleft
weak
~ lip (as part of 'cleft lip')~ stick~ sentence

Examples

Examples of “cleft” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • (Archaic) The old oak was cleft by lightning.

American English

  • (Archaic/Poetic) He cleft the log with a single blow.

adverb

British English

  • (Not standard; rarely used)

American English

  • (Not standard; rarely used)

adjective

British English

  • He has a distinctly cleft chin.
  • The cleft rock provided shelter.

American English

  • The surgeon repaired the cleft palate.
  • A cleft piece of wood.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare. Possible metaphor: 'a cleft in the leadership'.

Academic

Common in geology, medicine (cleft palate/lip), biology, and linguistics.

Everyday

Very rare except in specific terms like 'cleft chin'.

Technical

Standard term in medicine, dentistry, geology, and syntax.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “cleft”

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “cleft”

wholeunionseamlessunbroken

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “cleft”

  • Using 'cleft' for a man-made cut (use 'incision', 'cut').
  • Pronouncing the 'p' in 'cleft palate' (it's silent).
  • Confusing 'cleft' (noun/adj) with 'cleaved' (verb).

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No, it is a C1-level word, used mostly in technical, medical, or literary contexts.

A 'cleft' is typically deeper, narrower, and more defined than a 'crack', which can be superficial.

Yes, but it is archaic or poetic ('cleave, cleft, cleft'). The modern verb is 'cleave' or simply 'split'.

A congenital condition where the roof of the mouth (palate) has a split or opening.

A natural opening or split, especially in rock or in the human body.

Cleft is usually formal, literary, technical in register.

Cleft: in British English it is pronounced /klɛft/, and in American English it is pronounced /klɛft/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • in a cleft stick (UK: in a difficult situation with no good choices)
  • cleft sentence (linguistics)

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of a CLIFF that has been split (cleft) by an earthquake.

Conceptual Metaphor

DIVISION IS A PHYSICAL SPLIT (e.g., 'a cleft in public opinion').

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The hiker was trapped in a rocky during the sudden storm.
Multiple Choice

In which field is the term 'cleft sentence' primarily used?