cleopatra: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples
C1Formal, Literary, Historical
Quick answer
What does “cleopatra” mean?
The famous queen of Egypt (69–30 BC), the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, renowned for her intelligence, political acumen, and relationships with Roman leaders Julius Caesar and Mark Antony.
Audio
Pronunciation
Definition
Meaning and Definition
The famous queen of Egypt (69–30 BC), the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, renowned for her intelligence, political acumen, and relationships with Roman leaders Julius Caesar and Mark Antony.
A symbol of exotic beauty, seductive power, legendary wealth, and tragic destiny; often used as an archetype of a powerful, charismatic, and doomed female leader.
Dialectal Variation
British vs American Usage
Differences
No significant differences in meaning or usage. Pronunciation and emphasis may vary slightly (see IPA).
Connotations
Identical strong connotations of ancient power, seduction, and tragedy in both varieties.
Frequency
Similar frequency, primarily in historical, literary, artistic, or metaphorical contexts.
Grammar
How to Use “cleopatra” in a Sentence
Cleopatra + verb (historical) (e.g., Cleopatra ruled, died, negotiated)Cleopatra + 'of' + noun (e.g., Cleopatra of Egypt)adjective + Cleopatra (e.g., legendary Cleopatra, doomed Cleopatra)Vocabulary
Collocations
Examples
Examples of “cleopatra” in a Sentence
adjective
British English
- The décor had a Cleopatran opulence about it. (rare/formed)
- She adopted a Cleopatra-esque eyeliner style.
American English
- The costume party had a Cleopatran theme. (rare/formed)
- He described her presence as almost Cleopatra-like.
Usage
Meaning in Context
Business
Rare. Potentially in branding/marketing for luxury or exotic products (e.g., 'Cleopatra cosmetics').
Academic
Common in history, classics, gender studies, and literature papers discussing ancient Egypt, the Roman Republic, or archetypal figures.
Everyday
Used in general conversation about history, famous people, or as a metaphor for a dramatically beautiful or commanding woman.
Technical
Used in archaeology, Egyptology, and numismatics (coinage) with precise historical reference.
Watch out
Common Mistakes When Using “cleopatra”
- Misspelling: 'Cleopatera', 'Cleoparta'.
- Mispronunciation: putting primary stress on the first syllable ('CLEE-oh-...') instead of the third ('...PAT-ra' or '...PAH-tra').
- Using it as a common noun without the definite article 'a' or capitalization (incorrect: 'She was a cleopatra'; correct: 'She was a Cleopatra').
FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
Cleopatra was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, which was of Greek Macedonian origin. However, she was the first in her line to learn the Egyptian language and actively presented herself as a pharaoh and a goddess in the Egyptian tradition.
It is the popular name for each of three ancient Egyptian obelisks re-erected in London, New York City, and Paris in the 19th century. They are ancient, but their connection to Cleopatra herself is tenuous and based on later naming.
Yes, but carefully. Calling a contemporary woman 'a Cleopatra' implies she possesses a combination of commanding authority, magnetic allure, dramatic flair, and perhaps a sense of destined tragedy. It is a powerful and specific comparison.
According to classical accounts, she committed suicide by allowing an asp (an Egyptian cobra) to bite her, following the defeat of her lover Mark Antony by Octavian (Augustus). This dramatic end cemented her story as a timeless tragedy of love, power, and loss.
The famous queen of Egypt (69–30 BC), the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, renowned for her intelligence, political acumen, and relationships with Roman leaders Julius Caesar and Mark Antony.
Cleopatra is usually formal, literary, historical in register.
Cleopatra: in British English it is pronounced /ˌkliːəˈpætrə/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˌkliːəˈpætrə/ (also commonly /ˌkliːəˈpɑːtrə/). Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.
Phrases
Idioms & Phrases
- “A Cleopatra (meaning a captivating, dramatic woman)”
- “Cleopatra's nose (referring to the concept of historical contingency — from Pascal's Pensées: 'Had Cleopatra's nose been shorter, the whole face of the world would have been changed.')”
Learning
Memory Aids
Mnemonic
CLEOpatra: CLEver & Opulent Queen of Egypt. Remember her intelligence (CLEver) and famous wealth (OPulent).
Conceptual Metaphor
A POWERFUL WOMAN IS CLEOPATRA (used to frame discussions about female leadership, allure, and tragedy). WEALTH/OPULENCE IS CLEOPATRA'S COURT.
Practice
Quiz
In which field would the term 'Cleopatra' most likely be used in a precise, technical sense?