coliform bacteria: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Low-frequency, specialised
UK/ˈkɒl.ɪ.fɔːm bækˈtɪə.ri.ə/US/ˈkɑː.lɪ.fɔːrm bækˈtɪr.i.ə/

Technical/Scientific, Academic, Regulatory

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Quick answer

What does “coliform bacteria” mean?

A group of rod-shaped bacteria found in the environment and in the intestinal tracts of humans and animals, commonly used as an indicator of water and food contamination.

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Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A group of rod-shaped bacteria found in the environment and in the intestinal tracts of humans and animals, commonly used as an indicator of water and food contamination.

In a broader public health context, the term refers to a category of bacteria whose presence suggests potential fecal contamination and the possible existence of more dangerous pathogenic organisms.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant lexical or spelling differences. Usage and regulatory thresholds may differ slightly between public health bodies (e.g., UK Health Security Agency vs. US Environmental Protection Agency).

Connotations

Identical negative connotations related to contamination and health risk.

Frequency

Equally low frequency in both dialects, confined to technical domains.

Grammar

How to Use “coliform bacteria” in a Sentence

The water was tested for coliform bacteria.A high coliform bacteria count indicates contamination.Coliform bacteria are used as an indicator organism.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
test forpresence oflevel ofcount ofindicatorcontamination byfecal
medium
detectmeasurereduceeliminatewater samplepositive for
weak
dangerousharmfulfound inassociated with

Examples

Examples of “coliform bacteria” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The sample coliform-tested positive.
  • The water was coliform-contaminated.

American English

  • The lab will coliform-test the well water.
  • The system failed to coliform-reduce effectively.

adjective

British English

  • The coliform count exceeded regulatory limits.
  • A coliform analysis was conducted.

American English

  • The coliform levels were unsafe.
  • They issued a coliform advisory for the lake.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Used in reports for food safety, water treatment, and public health compliance industries.

Academic

Common in microbiology, environmental science, and public health research papers and textbooks.

Everyday

Rare. May appear in news reports about beach closures or food recalls.

Technical

The primary register. Used in lab reports, regulatory standards, and sanitation engineering.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “coliform bacteria”

Strong

E. coli (as a specific member)

Neutral

indicator bacteriafecal indicator organisms

Weak

contaminantsmicrobespathogens (context-dependent)

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “coliform bacteria”

sterile samplepotable waterpathogen-free

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “coliform bacteria”

  • Using 'coliform' as a countable noun singular (e.g., 'a coliform'). It is primarily an adjective ('coliform bacteria') or a plural noun for the group.
  • Confusing 'coliform count' with a count of all bacteria; it is specific to this indicator group.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No. Many coliform bacteria are not pathogenic themselves. Their significance lies in their role as indicators that other, more dangerous pathogens *might* be present.

'Total coliforms' is a broader group found in soil, water, and vegetation. 'Fecal coliforms' are a subset that primarily originate in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, providing a more specific indicator of recent fecal contamination.

They are routinely tested in drinking water, swimming pools, beaches, rivers, and in the food industry (e.g., dairy, produce) to assess sanitary quality.

Yes, standard water treatment methods like chlorination, filtration, and UV light are effective at killing or removing coliform bacteria.

A group of rod-shaped bacteria found in the environment and in the intestinal tracts of humans and animals, commonly used as an indicator of water and food contamination.

Coliform bacteria is usually technical/scientific, academic, regulatory in register.

Coliform bacteria: in British English it is pronounced /ˈkɒl.ɪ.fɔːm bækˈtɪə.ri.ə/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈkɑː.lɪ.fɔːrm bækˈtɪr.i.ə/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • None. The term is strictly technical.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: COLI-form = found in the COLon + shaped like a rod (bacillus FORM). They are used to FORM an opinion about water safety.

Conceptual Metaphor

INDICATOR/ALARM BELL: Coliform bacteria are metaphorically an alarm bell or a canary in a coal mine for fecal contamination.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
A high count in a water sample is a strong indicator of fecal contamination.
Multiple Choice

What is the primary practical use of testing for coliform bacteria?

Practise

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