complementary base: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Low
UK/ˌkɒm.plɪˈmen.tər.i ˈbeɪs/US/ˌkɑːm.plɪˈmen.tər.i ˈbeɪs/

Technical/Scientific

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Quick answer

What does “complementary base” mean?

A nucleotide base in a nucleic acid that pairs with another specific base through hydrogen bonding.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A nucleotide base in a nucleic acid that pairs with another specific base through hydrogen bonding.

In DNA and RNA, the specific pairing between bases (adenine-thymine/uracil; guanine-cytosine) that enables accurate replication and transcription of genetic information.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant differences in meaning or use. Spelling and technical context are identical.

Connotations

Identical; purely denotative scientific term.

Frequency

Used with equal frequency in both British and American scientific literature.

Grammar

How to Use “complementary base” in a Sentence

DNA adenine is the complementary base for thymine.The primer must bind to the complementary base sequence.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
DNARNApairpairinghydrogen bondingsequencestrand
medium
ruleprincipleinteractionmismatchrecognition
weak
accuratespecificmoleculargenetic

Examples

Examples of “complementary base” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • (The term is not used as a verb.)

American English

  • (The term is not used as a verb.)

adverb

British English

  • (The term is not used as an adverb.)

American English

  • (The term is not used as an adverb.)

adjective

British English

  • The complementary base rule is fundamental to genetics.

American English

  • The enzyme reads the complementary base sequence.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

(Not applicable)

Academic

Central concept in genetics and molecular biology lectures and research.

Everyday

Virtually never used in everyday conversation.

Technical

Used in laboratory protocols, bioinformatics, genetic engineering, and pharmaceutical research.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “complementary base”

Strong

Watson-Crick pair

Neutral

paired basematching base

Weak

corresponding base

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “complementary base”

mismatched basenon-complementary base

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “complementary base”

  • Confusing 'complementary' with 'complimentary' (meaning flattering or free).
  • Incorrectly stating base pairings (e.g., A with C).

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No, it is a specialised scientific term used almost exclusively in biology, chemistry, and related fields.

'Complementary' means combining in such a way as to enhance or complete (like bases). 'Complimentary' means expressing praise or given free of charge.

There are two canonical pairs: Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C).

It is extremely rare. The conceptual idea of 'complementary parts' is used elsewhere, but the specific term 'complementary base' is firmly rooted in nucleic acid chemistry.

A nucleotide base in a nucleic acid that pairs with another specific base through hydrogen bonding.

Complementary base is usually technical/scientific in register.

Complementary base: in British English it is pronounced /ˌkɒm.plɪˈmen.tər.i ˈbeɪs/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˌkɑːm.plɪˈmen.tər.i ˈbeɪs/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • (Not applicable for this technical term)

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

**C**omplementary **B**ases **G**o **T**ogether: C with G, A with T (or U in RNA).

Conceptual Metaphor

A lock and key (specific bases fit together precisely); a zipper (two strands zip together via complementary base pairing).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In DNA, adenine always forms a hydrogen-bonded pair with its base, thymine.
Multiple Choice

What is the role of complementary base pairing?

Practise

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