complementary cells: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C2
UK/ˌkɒm.plɪˈmen.tər.i sɛlz/US/ˌkɑːm.pləˈmen.tə.ri sɛlz/

Technical/Scientific

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Quick answer

What does “complementary cells” mean?

In botany, intercellular spaces found in the bark of some plants, formed by the enlargement or separation of parenchyma cells, aiding in gas exchange.

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Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

In botany, intercellular spaces found in the bark of some plants, formed by the enlargement or separation of parenchyma cells, aiding in gas exchange.

In biology, any adjacent or associated cells that structurally or functionally support or complete each other; more broadly, any two or more cell types whose functions or structures are mutually supporting or interdependent.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant lexical or semantic differences. Spelling of associated words may follow regional conventions (e.g., 'fibres' vs. 'fibers').

Connotations

Purely technical in both varieties.

Frequency

Extremely low frequency in general discourse; used exclusively in advanced botany and plant anatomy texts in both regions.

Grammar

How to Use “complementary cells” in a Sentence

The bark contains complementary cells.Complementary cells are formed adjacent to [X].The function of complementary cells is to facilitate [Y].

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
bark parenchymalenticelcork cambiumperiderm
medium
formfound inassociated withconsist of
weak
numeroussmallair-filledloose

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

[Not applicable]

Academic

Used in advanced botany, plant physiology, and forestry research papers.

Everyday

[Not used]

Technical

Primary context. Describes specific structures in plant bark anatomy.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “complementary cells”

Strong

lenticel parenchyma

Neutral

intercellular spacesparenchyma air spaces

Weak

supporting cellsadjacent cells

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “complementary cells”

compact tissuenon-porous tissueimpermeable layer

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “complementary cells”

  • Confusing with 'companion cells' (phloem).
  • Using 'complementary' in its general sense ('nice addition') instead of its structural/functional sense.
  • Misspelling as 'complimentary' (meaning flattering).

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No. Companion cells are found in the phloem and are associated with sieve tubes for nutrient transport. Complementary cells are found in the bark (periderm) and are involved in gas exchange.

It is highly unusual and not standard terminology. In human biology, terms like 'supporting cells' or specific cell type names (e.g., 'glial cells') would be used.

Because 'complimentary' (with an 'i') means expressing praise or given free of charge. The correct term for these cells uses 'complementary' (with an 'e'), meaning completing or making whole.

They are a component of the periderm (the protective bark layer) in stems and roots of woody plants, specifically associated with lenticels.

In botany, intercellular spaces found in the bark of some plants, formed by the enlargement or separation of parenchyma cells, aiding in gas exchange.

Complementary cells is usually technical/scientific in register.

Complementary cells: in British English it is pronounced /ˌkɒm.plɪˈmen.tər.i sɛlz/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˌkɑːm.pləˈmen.tə.ri sɛlz/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • [No established idioms for this technical term]

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: Cells that COMPLETE the air passage system in bark – they are COMPLEMENTARY to the plant's need for gas exchange.

Conceptual Metaphor

STRUCTURE IS A NETWORK (the cells form a network of air passages).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In woody plants, the exchange of gases often occurs through lenticels, which are filled with loose tissue known as .
Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of complementary cells in plants?

Practise

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