compound interval: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Low
UK/ˌkɒmpaʊnd ˈɪntəv(ə)l/US/ˌkɑːmpaʊnd ˈɪntɚvəl/

Technical / Academic

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Quick answer

What does “compound interval” mean?

In music theory, an interval larger than an octave.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

In music theory, an interval larger than an octave.

A musical interval that spans more than eight diatonic scale degrees (e.g., a ninth, tenth, or eleventh). It is considered equivalent to its simple interval counterpart (an octave smaller) but with extended range and often a fuller sound.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant differences in definition or application. Terminology is identical across both varieties.

Connotations

None beyond its technical meaning.

Frequency

Equally low-frequency and specialized in both dialects, confined to music discourse.

Grammar

How to Use “compound interval” in a Sentence

The compound interval [of a ninth] sounds rich.To [compound an interval] by adding an octave.A [compound interval] between the bass and melody.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
musicalharmonicmelodicinvertidentifyreduce to a simple interval
medium
largewidesoundingcreateformplay
weak
beautifulinterestingcomplexusewrite

Examples

Examples of “compound interval” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • To create a richer texture, the composer decided to compound the initial third into a tenth.
  • You can compound the interval by transposing the upper note up an octave.

American English

  • The arranger compounded the interval to make the horn line more powerful.
  • Jazz pianists often compound intervals in their left-hand voicings.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Not used.

Academic

Central to music theory analysis and harmony textbooks.

Everyday

Virtually never used in general conversation.

Technical

Essential in musical composition, analysis, instrumental instruction, and ear training.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “compound interval”

Strong

interval exceeding an octave

Neutral

wide intervallarge interval

Weak

extended interval

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “compound interval”

simple intervalinterval within an octave

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “compound interval”

  • Confusing it with a 'chord'. An interval is only two notes. Pronouncing 'compound' with stress on the second syllable (/kəmˈpaʊnd/). Incorrectly labelling any dissonant interval as 'compound'.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No, the dissonance or consonance quality (perfect, imperfect, dissonant) is inherited from the simple interval it reduces to. A compound perfect fifth (12th) is still consonant.

You identify the number of scale degrees it spans (9th, 10th, 11th, etc.) and its quality (major, minor, perfect, etc.) based on the number of semitones, just like simple intervals.

An interval is the distance between exactly two pitches. A chord typically involves three or more pitches sounded together. A compound interval describes the relationship between two of those notes, even within a chord.

Yes. When inverted, a compound interval typically becomes another simple or compound interval. For example, inverting a compound 9th (octave + 2nd) gives a simple 7th.

Compound interval is usually technical / academic in register.

Compound interval: in British English it is pronounced /ˌkɒmpaʊnd ˈɪntəv(ə)l/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˌkɑːmpaʊnd ˈɪntɚvəl/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • None

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of a 'compound' in science as a combination of elements. A COMPOUND INTERVAL combines a simple interval PLUS an octave.

Conceptual Metaphor

DISTANCE IS VERTICAL SPACE IN MUSIC (e.g., a 'tenth' is a 'wider gap' than a 'third').

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
A ninth is considered a because it is a second plus an octave.
Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a compound interval?