demographic

C1
UK/ˌdem.əˈɡræf.ɪk/US/ˌdem.əˈɡræf.ɪk/

Neutral to formal; common in academic, business, media, and technical contexts.

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Definition

Meaning

Relating to the statistical study of populations, especially their structure by age, sex, income, etc.

A particular sector or group within a population, defined by shared characteristics. Also used to describe the characteristics of a population or a group.

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

Primarily a noun or adjective. As a noun, it often refers to a specific population group. As an adjective, it describes something related to population statistics. The plural 'demographics' often refers to statistical data itself.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant differences in meaning or core usage. Spelling is consistent.

Connotations

Neutral in both varieties. Slightly more common in business/marketing contexts in the US.

Frequency

Slightly higher frequency in American English due to extensive use in marketing and political analysis.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
target demographicdemographic shiftdemographic datademographic changesdemographic profile
medium
key demographicchanging demographicdemographic trendsspecific demographicbroad demographic
weak
demographic studydemographic informationyoung demographicdemographic analysisdemographic breakdown

Grammar

Valency Patterns

target + demographic (verb + noun)demographic + of + group (noun + prep + noun)demographic + shift/change/trend (adj + noun)analyse/study + demographic (verb + noun)

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

cohortmarket segment

Neutral

population groupsegmentstatistical group

Weak

groupsectioncategory

Vocabulary

Antonyms

individualanomalyoutlier

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • [Not commonly used idiomatically]

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Used to identify and describe target customers for marketing and product development.

Academic

Used in sociology, economics, and geography to analyse population structures and changes.

Everyday

Used in news and general discussion about societal changes, e.g., 'an ageing demographic'.

Technical

Precise use in demography, statistics, and data science to refer to population variables.

Examples

By Part of Speech

verb

British English

  • [No established verb form for 'demographic']

American English

  • [No established verb form for 'demographic']

adverb

British English

  • [No established adverb form. Use 'demographically'.]

American English

  • [No established adverb form. Use 'demographically'.]

adjective

British English

  • The report highlighted several important demographic trends.
  • They conducted a detailed demographic analysis of the borough.

American English

  • The product launch was based on solid demographic research.
  • Demographic shifts are influencing the political landscape.

Examples

By CEFR Level

A2
  • The town has a young demographic with many families.
B1
  • Advertisements are often aimed at a specific demographic, like teenagers.
  • The demographic of the neighbourhood is changing.
B2
  • The company's marketing strategy targets a high-income demographic aged 25-40.
  • A major demographic shift towards urban living is occurring.
C1
  • Policymakers must consider the demographic time bomb of an ageing population.
  • The demographic data was cross-referenced with consumer spending habits.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: DEMO (people) + GRAPHIC (chart/drawing) = a chart or picture of people's characteristics.

Conceptual Metaphor

POPULATION AS A MAP/CHART (We 'map' demographics, 'chart' demographic changes).

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Avoid direct translation from Russian 'демография', which is the name of the science 'demography'. 'Demographic' is an adjective or a noun for a *group*, not the science itself.
  • Confusing 'demographics' (statistical data) with 'demography' (the scientific study).

Common Mistakes

  • Using 'demographic' as a countable noun for a single person (e.g., 'He is a key demographic' is awkward; better: 'He is part of a key demographic').
  • Confusing 'demographic' (adj/noun) with 'demography' (noun, the field of study).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The advertising campaign was tailored to appeal to the 18–24-year-old .
Multiple Choice

In which sentence is 'demographic' used correctly as a noun?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

'Demographic' is usually an adjective ('demographic data') or a singular noun for a specific group ('a young demographic'). 'Demographics' is a plural noun most commonly referring to the statistical data itself ('the demographics of the area').

No, 'demographic' is not a standard verb. The related verb is 'demograph', but it is rare. Typically, we use phrases like 'analyse the demographics of' or 'segment demographically'.

It is neutral but leans towards formal/academic/business contexts. In everyday conversation, people might use simpler terms like 'group' or 'profile', but 'demographic' is very common in news and professional discussions.

The scientific and statistical study of human populations is called 'demography'. A person who specialises in this is a 'demographer'.