descriptor

C1
UK/dɪˈskrɪptə(r)/US/dɪˈskrɪptər/

Formal, Technical

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Definition

Meaning

A word or phrase used to describe or identify something, especially in information systems, linguistics, or classification.

1. In computing, a data structure that stores information about a resource, variable, or object. 2. In chemistry/physics, a quantity or symbol representing a property. 3. In linguistics, a word or phrase that classifies or characterizes.

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

Primarily a technical term; its general use meaning 'a descriptive word' is less common and may be considered jargonistic in everyday contexts.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant meaning differences. Slightly more frequent in American computing contexts.

Connotations

Neutral and functional in both varieties.

Frequency

Low frequency in general discourse, high in technical fields in both regions.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
file descriptordata descriptordescriptor table
medium
molecular descriptorvisual descriptorkey descriptor
weak
brief descriptorhelpful descriptorsuitable descriptor

Grammar

Valency Patterns

[Descriptor] of [noun]Use [noun] as a [descriptor]

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

designatorclassifier

Neutral

identifierlabeltag

Weak

descriptioncharacteristic

Vocabulary

Antonyms

mismomer

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • None common

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Rare, except in IT departments discussing system resources.

Academic

Common in computer science, chemistry, and linguistics papers.

Everyday

Very rare; 'description' or 'label' are preferred.

Technical

Core term in programming (e.g., file descriptor), data science, and cheminformatics.

Examples

By CEFR Level

B2
  • The librarian used 'historical fiction' as a descriptor for that section of books.
  • In the database, each product has a unique descriptor code.
C1
  • The programme failed due to an invalid file descriptor.
  • Molecular descriptors are crucial for quantifying chemical properties in computational drug design.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: A DEtective's deSCRIPTOR notebook - it holds the key information to identify something.

Conceptual Metaphor

A DESCRIPTOR IS A KEY (it unlocks access to or identifies the essence of something).

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Avoid direct translation as 'описатель'. In tech contexts, it's often 'дескриптор'. For general use, 'описательный термин' or 'классификатор' may fit.

Common Mistakes

  • Using 'descriptor' in casual conversation where 'word' or 'description' suffices.
  • Confusing with 'describer' (a person who describes).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In programming, a is an abstract indicator for accessing a resource like an open file.
Multiple Choice

In which field is the term 'descriptor' LEAST likely to be used professionally?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No, it is a specialist term most common in computing, linguistics, and science.

Not precisely. An adjective is a part of speech; a descriptor is a broader functional term for any word/phrase that describes or identifies, which could be a noun, adjective, or phrase.

It is a unique identifier (handle) used by a program to access a file or other input/output resource.

A 'description' is a spoken or written account. A 'descriptor' is the specific label, tag, or identifier within a description or system.