draught

B2
UK/drɑːft/US/dræft/

Predominantly formal or technical; regional (BrE).

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Definition

Meaning

A current of cool air moving through an enclosed space.

The act or process of pulling or drawing; the amount taken in one act of drinking or inhaling; the depth of water a ship needs to float; a serving of beer from a cask.

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

Central senses involve pulling, moving, or drawing (from its Old English root). The 'current of air' sense is primary in everyday BrE. 'Draught' is also a key term in naval architecture, brewing, and games (draughts).

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

In BrE, 'draught' is standard for air current, animal that pulls loads, depth of ship, beer from cask, and the game (draughts). In AmE, 'draft' is used for almost all senses, including the game (checkers). The spelling 'draught' is rare in AmE.

Connotations

In BrE, 'draught' can be negative (a chilly draught) or positive (a pint of draught ale). 'Draught animal' has an archaic/rural feel. In AmE, the 'draft' spelling carries all connotations, with 'beer on draft' being positive.

Frequency

'Draught' is high-frequency in BrE in specific contexts (beer, weather). 'Draft' is far more common in AmE across all registers.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
cold draughtdraught beerdraught excluderfeel a draughtdeep draught
medium
avoid the draughtdown the draughtdraught animalon draughtships of shallow draught
weak
sudden draughtunwelcome draughtpint of draughtsteady draught

Grammar

Valency Patterns

There is a [adjective] draught coming from the [noun].The ship has a draught of [number] metres.He took a long draught from his [noun].

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

gustgulpswig

Neutral

current of airbreezepuff of airdepth

Weak

movement of airswallowmeasurement

Vocabulary

Antonyms

stillnesscalmstagnation

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • Feel the draught (to experience financial or other difficulty)
  • Down the draught (wasted or lost)

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Uncommon, except in shipping ('The vessel's draught limits which ports it can enter').

Academic

Used in engineering (fluid dynamics, naval architecture) and historical texts ('draught animals revolutionised agriculture').

Everyday

Common in BrE for discussing cold air in a room ('Shut the door, there's a draught!') and ordering beer ('Is the lager on draught?').

Technical

Precise term in brewing (beer served from a cask vs. bottled), naval design (the vertical distance between waterline and keel), and livestock (draught horse).

Examples

By Part of Speech

verb

British English

  • N/A (The verb is 'to draft').

American English

  • N/A (The verb is 'to draft').

adverb

British English

  • N/A

American English

  • N/A

adjective

British English

  • We installed draught-proofing around the windows.
  • He prefers a traditional draught ale.

American English

  • N/A (AmE uses 'draft' as in 'draft beer', 'draft horse', 'drafty room').

Examples

By CEFR Level

A2
  • Close the window, please. I can feel a draught.
  • Do you have draught Coke?
B1
  • The pub serves several local beers on draught.
  • There's a terrible draught coming from under the door.
B2
  • The harbour is too shallow for ships with a deep draught.
  • He took a deep draught of water after his run.
C1
  • Before mechanisation, draught animals were essential for ploughing and transport.
  • The architect specified special draught excluders to meet building regulations.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

A 'draught' of air can make you cough (both have 'augh'), or think of a 'draught horse' PULLING a heavy load.

Conceptual Metaphor

AIR IS A FLUID (a draught 'flows' through a room); DRINKING IS DRAWING/TAKING IN (to take a draught of water).

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Do not confuse with 'черновик' (which is 'draft' in AmE/contextual BrE).
  • The Russian 'сквозняк' maps directly to the 'current of air' sense of 'draught'.
  • For beer, 'draught beer' is 'разливное пиво', not 'черновое'.

Common Mistakes

  • Spelling it as 'draft' in a BrE context where 'draught' is required (e.g., 'draught beer').
  • Pronouncing the 'gh' (it's silent).
  • Using it as a verb (the verb is 'to draft').

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In the UK, a current of cold air in a room is called a .
Multiple Choice

In American English, which spelling is commonly used for the 'beer from a cask' meaning?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

It is pronounced identically to 'draft' (/drɑːft/ in BrE, /dræft/ in AmE). 'Drought' (/draʊt/) is a completely different word meaning a long period of dry weather.

Use 'draught' for air currents, beer, animals that pull, ship's depth, and the game (draughts). Use 'draft' for preliminary versions, military conscription, banking orders, and the act of drawing up plans. There is overlap, but 'draught' is more specific.

It is beer served from a cask or keg, typically via a tap, as opposed to bottled or canned beer. It is often (but not always) unpasteurised and may have a different taste and texture.

No. The related verb for all senses is 'to draft' (to draw up plans, to conscript, to select). 'Draught' is a noun or adjective.

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