exome

C2/Technical
UK/ˈɛksəʊm/US/ˈɛksoʊm/

Technical/Scientific

My Flashcards

Definition

Meaning

The complete set of exons in a genome.

The part of the genome formed by exons, which are coding sequences of genes that are expressed to produce proteins. In genetics and medicine, exome sequencing is used to identify mutations associated with diseases.

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

A highly specialised term from molecular genetics and genomics, rarely used outside these fields. It is a subset (the coding part) of the genome.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant differences in meaning or usage.

Connotations

Identical technical connotations.

Frequency

Equally rare in general usage; exclusive to genetics/genomics contexts in both dialects.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
exome sequencingwhole exomeexome analysisclinical exome
medium
human exomeexome dataexome varianttarget the exome
weak
complete exomepatient's exomestudy the exomeexome coverage

Grammar

Valency Patterns

the exome of [organism/genome]sequence [possessive pronoun] exomeanalyse the exome for variants

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

exonic sequence

Neutral

coding genomeexonic region

Weak

coding sequence set

Vocabulary

Antonyms

intromenon-coding genomeintronic region

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • There are no idioms for this technical term.

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Used only in business contexts related to biotechnology, genetic testing, or pharmaceutical R&D.

Academic

Standard term in genetics, genomics, molecular biology, and medical research papers.

Everyday

Virtually never used in everyday conversation.

Technical

Core technical term in genetic diagnostics and research.

Examples

By Part of Speech

verb

British English

  • The lab will exome-sequence the patient's sample.
  • They opted to exome the tumour tissue.

American English

  • The clinic will exome-sequence the trio.
  • We need to exome the proband.

adverb

British English

  • The region was sequenced exome-specifically.
  • They analysed it exome-wide.

American English

  • The region was sequenced exome-specifically.
  • They analyzed it exome-wide.

adjective

British English

  • The exome data was revealing.
  • Exome analysis is a standard step.

American English

  • The exome data were revealing.
  • Exome analysis is a standard step.

Examples

By CEFR Level

A2
  • 'Exome' is a word scientists use when they study genes.
B1
  • Doctors can use exome sequencing to find genetic diseases.
B2
  • Whole exome sequencing is now a common tool for diagnosing rare genetic disorders.
C1
  • The research focused on comparing the exomes of affected individuals to controls, identifying several novel pathogenic variants.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: EXOne coMplEtE = EXOME. It's the complete set of EXONS (the expressed parts) of the genome.

Conceptual Metaphor

The exome is the 'executive summary' or 'active manuscript' of the genome, while the introns are the 'archived drafts' or 'editorial notes'.

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Do not confuse with 'экзосома' (exosome, a extracellular vesicle). The Russian equivalent is often транслитерируется as 'экзом' or described as 'экзомная часть генома'.

Common Mistakes

  • Confusing 'exome' with 'genome' (the exome is a part of the genome).
  • Confusing 'exome' with 'exosome' (a different biological structure).
  • Using it as a countable noun incorrectly (e.g., 'an exome' is acceptable, but 'exomes' is more common in plural contexts).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
Because most disease-causing mutations occur in coding regions, sequencing is often more efficient than whole-genome sequencing for diagnostic purposes.
Multiple Choice

What does 'exome' specifically refer to?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

The genome is the complete set of DNA (including both coding exons and non-coding introns/intergenic regions). The exome is only the subset consisting of all the exons (the protein-coding parts).

It is more cost-effective than whole-genome sequencing and targets the ~2% of the genome where most known disease-causing mutations are found, making it efficient for diagnosing genetic disorders.

No. It only detects variants in exonic regions and their immediate flanking sequences. It misses mutations in introns, regulatory regions, and structural variants outside the exome.

No. It is a highly specialised technical term used almost exclusively in genetics, genomics, and clinical medicine.