fellow-servant rule

Very low
UK/ˌfeləʊ ˈsɜːvənt ruːl/US/ˌfeloʊ ˈsɜːrvənt ruːl/

Formal, historical legal

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Definition

Meaning

A historical common-law legal doctrine stating that an employer is not liable for injuries to an employee caused by the negligence of another employee (a 'fellow servant').

A principle which was used as a defence by employers to bar workers from suing for on-the-job injuries, based on the idea that employees assume the risks associated with the carelessness of their co-workers.

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

The term is archaic in modern legal practice. It was largely abolished by workers' compensation statutes in the early 20th century.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

The doctrine originated in English common law (Priestly v. Fowler, 1837) and was adopted and heavily applied in the United States. The term is used equally in historical discussions of both UK and US legal history.

Connotations

Now carries connotations of outdated, harsh industrial-era employment law and laissez-faire capitalism.

Frequency

Extremely rare in modern usage, confined to historical and legal academic texts.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
abolish the fellow-servant rulethe common-law fellow-servant ruledefence of fellow-servant rule
medium
application of the ruledoctrine of the fellow-servant ruleunder the fellow-servant rule
weak
historical rulelegal ruleemployer liability

Grammar

Valency Patterns

The [employer/company] invoked the fellow-servant rule.The court applied the fellow-servant rule to bar the claim.

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

fellow-servant doctrine

Neutral

common employment doctrine

Weak

employer immunity defenceco-worker negligence defence

Vocabulary

Antonyms

vicarious liabilityemployer liabilityworkers' compensation

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • [No common idioms]

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Not used in modern business contexts.

Academic

Used in historical, legal, and labour history studies.

Everyday

Never used in everyday conversation.

Technical

Specific technical term for historical tort law.

Examples

By Part of Speech

verb

British English

  • The judgment effectively fellow-servant-ruled the injured worker.

American English

  • The court fellow-servant-ruled the plaintiff's claim.

adverb

British English

  • [Not used as an adverb]

American English

  • [Not used as an adverb]

adjective

British English

  • The fellow-servant rule defence was no longer tenable.

American English

  • They faced a fellow-servant rule objection.

Examples

By CEFR Level

A2
  • [Too complex for A2]
B1
  • The fellow-servant rule was an old law for workers.
B2
  • Under the fellow-servant rule, an injured railway worker could not sue his employer if another worker caused the accident.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of 'fellow servant' as a co-worker; this RULE protected the boss from being sued for a co-worker's mistake.

Conceptual Metaphor

THE WORKPLACE IS A SEPARATE SPHERE OF RISK (where employees, not employers, bear the consequences of peer actions).

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Avoid translating 'fellow-servant' as 'товарищ-слуга'. It is a fixed legal term best rendered descriptively as 'правило об ответственности работодателя за действия другого работника' or by using the historical doctrinal name.

Common Mistakes

  • Using it to describe modern workplace safety laws.
  • Spelling as 'fellow servant rule' without the hyphen.
  • Confusing it with 'vicarious liability', which is its opposite.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In the 19th century, factories often used the as a defence against injury lawsuits from employees.
Multiple Choice

What was the primary effect of the fellow-servant rule?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No, it has been almost universally abolished by workers' compensation laws in developed countries.

It placed the full financial burden of workplace injuries, often caused by inadequate safety measures, onto the lowest-paid workers, insulating the employer from liability.

It originated in the English case of Priestly v. Fowler in 1837.

It was replaced by principles of employer liability and no-fault workers' compensation schemes.