few

A1
UK/fjuː/US/fju/

Neutral; used in all registers from informal to formal.

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Definition

Meaning

A small number of; not many.

Used to emphasize the smallness of a number, often with a connotation of insufficiency, or to denote a notable, select group (e.g., 'a chosen few').

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

"Few" indicates a small number, often with a negative implication of 'not enough.' "A few" indicates a small number but with a positive implication of 'some.' The quantifier "few" can function as a pronoun, determiner, or (in formal use) a noun.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant differences in core meaning or syntax. Potential minor variation in the frequency of "quite a few" (meaning 'a fairly large number') vs. other intensifiers.

Connotations

Identical connotations in both varieties.

Frequency

Equally high frequency in both BrE and AmE.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
a fewvery fewonly a fewthe fewrelatively few
medium
few peoplefew occasionsfew wordsfewer thanprecious few
weak
few daysfew yearsfew thingsfew more

Grammar

Valency Patterns

DET + plural countable noun (few books)Pronoun (Few would agree)DET + few + of + determiner (a few of the books)

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

scantscarcesparsenegligibleinsufficient

Neutral

not manya small number ofa handful ofseveral

Weak

somea couple of

Vocabulary

Antonyms

manynumerousplenty ofa lot ofcountless

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • few and far between
  • have a few (drinks)
  • the chosen few
  • to name but a few
  • no fewer than

Usage

Context Usage

Business

"Few competitors can match our prices." Used to indicate market scarcity or competitive advantage.

Academic

"Few studies have addressed this correlation." Used to highlight a gap in the literature.

Everyday

"I'll be ready in a few minutes." Common for vague, small time estimates.

Technical

Used statistically (e.g., "Outliers were few and were excluded.").

Examples

By Part of Speech

adjective

British English

  • Few travellers had ventured so far north.
  • He is a man of few words.

American English

  • Few politicians answer the question directly.
  • There were few customers in the store.

Examples

By CEFR Level

A2
  • I have a few apples.
  • She has few toys.
  • He knows a few words in English.
B1
  • Very few students completed the optional essay.
  • Could I ask you a few questions?
  • Few of us were prepared for the storm.
B2
  • The report was concise, containing few unnecessary details.
  • There are precious few opportunities like this one.
  • Few would argue with his central thesis.
C1
  • The policy benefits the privileged few at the expense of the many.
  • Despite extensive research, few definitive conclusions can be drawn.
  • He is one of the few authors to have mastered both fiction and non-fiction.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

FEW = For Every Wish? Not many wishes come true.

Conceptual Metaphor

QUANTITY IS SIZE / AMOUNT (a few = a small amount); IMPORTANCE IS NUMBER (the important people = the few).

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Avoid translating 'few' as 'немного' when negativity is implied ('мало' is better).
  • Confusing 'few' (мало) with 'a few' (несколько).
  • Overusing 'few' for uncountable concepts where 'little' is required.

Common Mistakes

  • Using 'few' with uncountable nouns (e.g., 'few information' instead of 'little information').
  • Omitting the article 'a' when a positive meaning is intended (e.g., 'I have few friends' vs. 'I have a few friends').

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
Despite the hype, people actually bought the product.
Multiple Choice

Which sentence implies a positive feeling (you have some)?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

'Few' has a negative connotation (not many, hardly any). 'A few' has a positive connotation (a small number, but some).

No. 'Few' is only used with plural countable nouns. For uncountable nouns, use 'little' or 'a little'.

No. 'Fewer' is used with plural countable nouns (fewer cars). 'Less' is used with uncountable nouns (less traffic). A common mistake is using 'less' with countables.

It means rare or not happening often. Example: 'Good job offers in that field are few and far between.'