giaour: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

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UK/ˈdʒaʊə/US/ˈdʒaʊər/

Historical, Literary, Archaic, Pejorative

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Quick answer

What does “giaour” mean?

A non-Muslim, especially a Christian, from a Turkish or Ottoman perspective.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A non-Muslim, especially a Christian, from a Turkish or Ottoman perspective.

A term of historical and literary usage to denote a disbeliever or infidel, specifically in the context of the Ottoman Empire. It carries strong pejorative connotations of outsider status and religious contempt.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant regional difference in usage; the word is equally archaic and specialised in both varieties.

Connotations

Strongly pejorative, historical, orientalist.

Frequency

Extremely rare in modern usage, occasionally encountered in historical novels or academic texts.

Grammar

How to Use “giaour” in a Sentence

be + labelled/called/considered + a giaourthe + giaour + of + [place]

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
infidel giaourdespised giaourOttoman giaour
medium
called a giaourterm giaourlabel giaour
weak
the giaourChristian giaour

Examples

Examples of “giaour” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • [No verb form exists]

American English

  • [No verb form exists]

adverb

British English

  • [No adverb form exists]

American English

  • [No adverb form exists]

adjective

British English

  • [No standard adjective form exists]

American English

  • [No standard adjective form exists]

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Not used.

Academic

Used in historical, religious, or literary studies discussing the Ottoman Empire or Orientalist texts.

Everyday

Never used; would be misunderstood.

Technical

Not used in modern technical contexts.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “giaour”

Strong

unbelieverheathen (historical/pejorative)

Neutral

non-Musliminfidel (historical)

Weak

outsiderforeigner (in specific historical-religious context)

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “giaour”

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “giaour”

  • Mispronouncing it as /ɡiːˈaʊr/ or /ˈɡaɪɔːr/.
  • Using it in a modern context to describe any non-Muslim.
  • Capitalising the word (it is not a proper noun).

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, it is a historically pejorative term. Using it outside of a strict academic or historical context to describe a person would be offensive.

It comes from the Turkish word 'gâvur', which itself derives from the Persian 'gabr', meaning 'infidel' or 'fire-worshipper' (originally referring to Zoroastrians).

No. Its meaning is specifically tied to the Ottoman Muslim perspective on non-Muslims, particularly Christians. It is not a synonym for 'atheist' or 'secular person'.

No, it is very obscure. Most English speakers would not recognise it unless they have a specific interest in Ottoman history or Romantic poetry (like Byron's work).

A non-Muslim, especially a Christian, from a Turkish or Ottoman perspective.

Giaour is usually historical, literary, archaic, pejorative in register.

Giaour: in British English it is pronounced /ˈdʒaʊə/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈdʒaʊər/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • [No common English idioms use this word]

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of 'jaw' (giaour sounds like 'jar' or 'jaw') – a Turk might say, "That infidel's jaw needs shutting!" to remember the contemptuous meaning.

Conceptual Metaphor

THE INFIDEL IS AN OUTSIDER / A CONTAMINATING FORCE (within the historical Ottoman religious worldview).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In historical accounts, a Christian living under Ottoman rule might be derogatorily labelled a .
Multiple Choice

In what context would the word 'giaour' be most appropriately used today?