gill: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C1
UK/ɡɪl/ (fish), /dʒɪl/ (measure, now rare)US/ɡɪl/

neutral, technical (biology/culinary)

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Quick answer

What does “gill” mean?

The respiratory organ of most aquatic animals, especially fish, used for extracting oxygen from water.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

The respiratory organ of most aquatic animals, especially fish, used for extracting oxygen from water.

A unit of liquid measure equal to a quarter of a pint, or (UK) 5 fluid ounces / (US) 4 fluid ounces. In mycology, one of the radiating plates under the cap of a mushroom. In geography, a deep, narrow ravine, especially one wooded and with a stream.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

Pronunciation differs drastically. The liquid measure 'gill' is archaic but persists in some recipes; the UK imperial gill (5 fl oz) differs from the US customary gill (4 fl oz). The geographical term 'gill' (ravine) is chiefly Northern British.

Connotations

In American English, the fish organ is the primary association. In British English, especially Northern England, the geographical feature is a known secondary meaning.

Frequency

The biological sense is high frequency in both varieties. The measurement sense is very low frequency. The geographical sense is regional and low frequency outside Northern England.

Grammar

How to Use “gill” in a Sentence

The fish [verb] with its gills.Water [flows/passes] over the gills.to [clean/remove] the gills

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
fish gillsgill slitsgill coverthrough the gills
medium
external gillsgill filamentsgill netblue around the gills
weak
clean the gillsgill diseasegill chambergill rakers

Examples

Examples of “gill” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The fisherman will gill and gut the trout before selling it.
  • Salmon gill the river water as they rest in the pool.

American English

  • He gilled the fish quickly with a sharp knife.
  • The process involves gilling the mushroom to examine its spore-bearing structures.

adverb

British English

  • (No standard adverbial use)

American English

  • (No standard adverbial use)

adjective

British English

  • The gill arches were clearly visible in the dissection.
  • They followed the gill stream up into the moor.

American English

  • The gill net is controversial due to bycatch.
  • The recipe calls for a gill of cream.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare. Possibly in fishing/aquaculture industry contexts.

Academic

Common in biology, zoology, marine science texts.

Everyday

Common when discussing fish, cooking fish, or in the idiom 'stuffed to the gills'.

Technical

Specific in ichthyology, mycology, and historical metrology.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “gill”

Strong

branchia (technical)

Neutral

breathing apparatusrespiratory organ

Weak

(none for the primary meaning)

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “gill”

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “gill”

  • Mispronouncing the fish organ with a soft 'g' (/dʒɪl/). Confusing 'gill' (ravine) with 'gill' (organ). Using the measurement sense in modern contexts.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, for the biological meaning, both pronounce it with a hard 'g': /ɡɪl/. The soft 'g' pronunciation (/dʒɪl/) is archaic and associated with the unit of measure.

It's an idiom meaning completely full, often after eating a large meal. It metaphorically compares a person's full stomach to a fish whose gill chambers are packed.

It is largely obsolete in everyday use but can still be found in very old recipes, traditional pub measures (especially for spirits in the UK), and historical texts.

Yes, though it's less common. It means to gut a fish by cutting out its gills, or (in mycology) to remove the gill-like structures of a mushroom. It can also mean to catch in a gill net.

The respiratory organ of most aquatic animals, especially fish, used for extracting oxygen from water.

Gill is usually neutral, technical (biology/culinary) in register.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • green around the gills (looking sick)
  • blue around the gills (looking cold or ill)
  • to the gills (completely full)

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of a FISH named GILL (like Gill from 'Finding Nemo') who breathes through his namesake.

Conceptual Metaphor

GILLS ARE FILTERS (for air/water, information). GILLS ARE VULNERABLE PARTS (as in 'green around the gills').

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The fish uses its to extract oxygen from the water.
Multiple Choice

In which context might you hear 'gill' pronounced with a soft 'g' (/dʒɪl/)?