great unwashed: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C2 - Very low frequency; literary/archaic.
UK/ˌɡreɪt ʌnˈwɒʃt/US/ˌɡreɪt ʌnˈwɑːʃt/

Literary, historical, journalistic, pejorative, formal (but with informal connotations).

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Quick answer

What does “great unwashed” mean?

The ordinary people, the common masses (often used with a slightly derogatory or condescending tone).

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

The ordinary people, the common masses (often used with a slightly derogatory or condescending tone).

A term for the working class, the general populace, or those considered uncultured by a perceived elite; implies a lack of sophistication, education, or refinement.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

More historically rooted in British class discourse. American usage is rarer and often in conscious reference to British contexts or in historical/journalistic prose.

Connotations

UK: Strong historical class connotations, potentially more recognisable. US: May sound more deliberately literary or archaic.

Frequency

Extremely low in both, but marginally higher in UK due to historical prevalence in class commentary.

Grammar

How to Use “great unwashed” in a Sentence

[Definite Article] + great unwashed + [Verb Phrase]For + the great unwashedOf + the great unwashed

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
the great unwashedappeal to the great unwashedcater to the great unwashed
medium
opinions of the great unwasheddespise the great unwashedmass of the great unwashed
weak
ignorant great unwashedvast great unwashed

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Virtually never used; inappropriate and offensive in modern professional contexts.

Academic

Used in historical, sociological, or literary analysis to discuss class language and attitudes.

Everyday

Extremely rare. If used, it would be jocular or sarcastic among friends aware of its meaning.

Technical

Not applicable.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “great unwashed”

Strong

the rabblethe hoi polloithe plebsthe common herd

Neutral

the massesthe common peoplethe populacethe general public

Weak

the working classthe man in the streeteveryman

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “great unwashed”

the elitethe aristocracythe upper classesthe cognoscentithe privileged few

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “great unwashed”

  • Using it without 'the' (e.g., 'a great unwashed').
  • Using it as a singular noun (e.g., 'He is a great unwashed').
  • Using it in a modern, non-ironic positive context.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, inherently. It is a class-based pejorative implying the masses are dirty and uncultured. Modern use is almost always historical, ironic, or critical of such attitudes.

No. It always carries a derogatory or condescending nuance. Use 'the general public' or 'the masses' for a neutral tone.

It originated in the early 19th century (first recorded use 1830s) as a term of contempt used by the educated upper classes towards the poor, who often had limited access to bathing facilities.

No, it is archaic. You will encounter it primarily in historical texts, period dramas, or in modern writing that is deliberately invoking an archaic or satirical tone.

The ordinary people, the common masses (often used with a slightly derogatory or condescending tone).

Great unwashed is usually literary, historical, journalistic, pejorative, formal (but with informal connotations). in register.

Great unwashed: in British English it is pronounced /ˌɡreɪt ʌnˈwɒʃt/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˌɡreɪt ʌnˈwɑːʃt/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • No direct idioms, but the phrase itself is idiomatic.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Imagine a 19th-century aristocrat holding a perfumed handkerchief to his nose, looking down from his balcony at the 'great unwashed' crowd in the street below.

Conceptual Metaphor

SOCIAL CLASS IS CLEANLINESS (the lower class is physically dirty/unsanitary).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The aristocrat viewed the festival crowd with disdain, referring to them privately as ''.
Multiple Choice

The phrase 'the great unwashed' is most likely to be found in which type of text?

Practise

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