guerrilla warfare: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

B2
UK/ɡəˈrɪlə ˈwɔːfeə/US/ɡəˈrɪlə ˈwɔːrfer/

Formal, Academic, Journalistic, Military

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Quick answer

What does “guerrilla warfare” mean?

A form of irregular warfare where small, mobile groups of combatants use tactics like ambushes, sabotage, and raids to fight a larger, less-mobile traditional military force.

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Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A form of irregular warfare where small, mobile groups of combatants use tactics like ambushes, sabotage, and raids to fight a larger, less-mobile traditional military force.

By extension, a prolonged, unconventional conflict or competitive struggle waged by a smaller, less-resourced party against a larger, established one. It can refer to political, business, or marketing strategies.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant difference in meaning or spelling. 'Guerrilla' is the standard spelling in both variants, though informal US spelling 'gorilla' is a common error.

Connotations

Identical connotations of asymmetry, insurgency, and unconventional tactics.

Frequency

Comparatively frequent in both, given global political and historical contexts. Slightly higher frequency in US media due to historical coverage of conflicts in Southeast Asia and Latin America.

Grammar

How to Use “guerrilla warfare” in a Sentence

[Noun] waged guerrilla warfare against [Entity][Entity] was worn down by guerrilla warfareThe conflict degenerated into guerrilla warfare.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
engage inwageconductprolongedasymmetricurbanjungleclassicMaoist
medium
tactics ofstrategy ofcampaign offight aresort toagainst the
weak
bittercostlydevastatinghistory ofstudy of

Examples

Examples of “guerrilla warfare” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The rebels have been guerrilla warfaring for decades.
  • They chose to guerrilla warfare rather than meet in open battle.

American English

  • The militia guerilla warfared against the occupying force.
  • It's a strategy to outlast, not to guerrilla warfare directly.

adverb

British English

  • They fought guerrilla-warfare style.
  • The campaign was conducted guerrilla-warfare-like.

American English

  • They operated guerrilla-warfare fashion.
  • It was a guerrilla-warfare oriented unit.

adjective

British English

  • They adopted a guerrilla-warfare strategy.
  • The manual outlined guerrilla-warfare principles.

American English

  • The cell was trained in guerrilla-warfare tactics.
  • He was a guerrilla-warfare expert.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Used metaphorically for aggressive, unconventional tactics by a start-up against a market leader (e.g., 'guerrilla marketing').

Academic

Used in history, political science, and military studies to classify a type of conflict.

Everyday

Used in news discussions about ongoing conflicts, or metaphorically for any uneven struggle.

Technical

A specific doctrinal term in military science, with defined characteristics (e.g., reliance on population support, hit-and-run tactics).

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “guerrilla warfare”

Strong

insurgent warfarerebel fighting

Neutral

irregular warfareasymmetric warfareinsurgencypartisan warfare

Weak

unconventional warfaresmall-warbrushfire war

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “guerrilla warfare”

conventional warfaretotal warset-piece battlepeacekeeping operation

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “guerrilla warfare”

  • Spelling: 'gorilla warfare' (confusion with the animal).
  • Using it to describe any small-scale conflict, even if it involves conventional forces.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

While tactics may overlap, 'guerrilla warfare' is a military strategy typically aimed at military or strategic targets within a wider political conflict. 'Terrorism' primarily aims to instill fear in a civilian population to achieve political ends, often targeting civilians directly. The terms are politically charged and their application is often contested.

In its literal military sense, it is descriptively neutral but context-dependent (e.g., viewed positively as a fight for liberation, negatively as insurgency). Its metaphorical uses in business ('guerrilla marketing') or activism often have a positive, clever, or resourceful connotation.

No. The root is military, but it's commonly used as a modifier to describe anything using unconventional, surprising, or subversive methods against a larger system (e.g., guerrilla gardening, guerrilla poetry, guerrilla filmmaking).

The most frequent error is misspelling it as 'gorilla warfare', confusing the military term with the great ape. Remember: 'Guerrilla' comes from the Spanish word 'guerra' (war).

A form of irregular warfare where small, mobile groups of combatants use tactics like ambushes, sabotage, and raids to fight a larger, less-mobile traditional military force.

Guerrilla warfare is usually formal, academic, journalistic, military in register.

Guerrilla warfare: in British English it is pronounced /ɡəˈrɪlə ˈwɔːfeə/, and in American English it is pronounced /ɡəˈrɪlə ˈwɔːrfer/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • [Metaphorical] Guerrilla marketing
  • [Metaphorical] A guerrilla approach to politics

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of a GORILLA in the jungle: stealthy, strong, and using the environment against a larger, noisier opponent. 'Guerrilla' sounds like 'gorilla' but comes from the Spanish for 'little war' (guerra).

Conceptual Metaphor

WAR IS BUSINESS (guerrilla marketing), POLITICS IS WAR (guerrilla tactics in parliament), COMPETITION IS WARFARE.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The revolutionary forces, lacking heavy artillery, had no choice but to resort to to counter the regime's army.
Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of guerrilla warfare?