hung

B1
UK/hʌŋ/US/hʌŋ/

Neutral to informal (depending on context). The judicial sense ('hanged') is formal.

My Flashcards

Definition

Meaning

The past tense and past participle of the verb 'hang', primarily meaning to be suspended from above or attached at the top with the lower part free.

Can describe a state of suspension or attachment (e.g., 'the picture is hung'); in informal contexts, can refer to being delayed or stuck (e.g., 'the project got hung up'); slang for being well-endowed (male). In legal/judicial contexts, 'hanged' is the correct term for execution by suspension from the neck.

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

The past participle 'hung' is used for most general senses (objects, decorations). 'Hanged' is exclusively and correctly used for execution by hanging. The slang sense is vulgar and informal.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

Both use 'hung' for objects and 'hanged' for execution. The slang usage is common in both. No major syntactic difference.

Connotations

The judicial distinction ('hanged' vs. 'hung') is strongly upheld in careful writing in both varieties, though 'hung' is sometimes erroneously used for execution in casual speech.

Frequency

'Hung' is extremely frequent as the past form of 'hang' in all contexts except execution.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
hung uphung outhung onhung inhung jury
medium
hung parliamenthung overhung firehung from
weak
hung doorhung ceilinghung portraithung beautifully

Grammar

Valency Patterns

[NP] hung [PP] (e.g., He hung the coat on the hook)[NP] was/were hung [with NP] (e.g., The hall was hung with banners)[NP] hung [AdvP] (e.g., The decision hung in the balance)

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

dangledswungdraped

Neutral

suspendeddangledfastened

Weak

attachedplaceddisplayed

Vocabulary

Antonyms

taken downremoveddetacheddroppedstood

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • hung out to dry
  • hung up on
  • hung in the balance
  • hung jury
  • hung parliament
  • hung over

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Informal: 'The merger hung in the balance for weeks.' Refers to a state of uncertainty.

Academic

Used descriptively in history/art: 'The tapestries were hung along the gallery walls.'

Everyday

Very common: 'I hung the washing out.' 'We hung out at the park.'

Technical

In construction/design: 'A hung ceiling' refers to a secondary ceiling installed below the main structure.

Examples

By Part of Speech

verb

British English

  • She hung the Union Jack from her window.
  • The committee hung fire for a month.
  • We hung about waiting for the bus.

American English

  • He hung the American flag on the porch.
  • The jury hung on the murder charge.
  • They hung out at the mall.

adjective

British English

  • We have a hung parliament.
  • He was absolutely hung over after the party.
  • It's a beautifully hung exhibition.

American English

  • The case resulted in a hung jury.
  • I'm too hung over to work.
  • The newly hung curtains look great.

Examples

By CEFR Level

A2
  • I hung my coat on the hook.
  • The picture is hung on the wall.
  • She hung up the phone.
B1
  • They hung the decorations for the party.
  • The wet clothes were hung outside to dry.
  • The future of the company hung in the balance.
B2
  • After the election, the country faced a hung parliament.
  • He felt hung out to dry by his colleagues.
  • The controversial art was hung in the main gallery.
C1
  • The defendant was hanged, not hung, for treason—a crucial lexical distinction.
  • The delicate mobile hung in perfect equilibrium, catching the light.
  • Talks have hung fire due to unresolved regulatory issues.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of a young (sounds like 'hung') person who hung a swing from a strong tree branch.

Conceptual Metaphor

SUSPENSION IS UNCERTAINTY (e.g., 'the decision hung in the air'), ATTACHMENT IS CONNECTION (e.g., 'hung on his every word').

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Do not use 'hung' for execution. In Russian, 'вешать' has one past tense 'вешал' for objects and 'вешал/повесил' for execution. English requires 'hanged' for execution. Also, 'hung over' (похмелье) is a phrasal adjective, not a literal translation of 'висел сверху'.

Common Mistakes

  • Using 'hung' instead of 'hanged' for execution (e.g., 'He was hung for his crimes' is incorrect). Confusing 'hung' (past tense) with 'hang' (present).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
After the vote, no party had a majority, resulting in a parliament.
Multiple Choice

In which context is 'hanged' the only correct past participle?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

For execution by hanging, always use 'hanged' (e.g., 'He was hanged at dawn'). For any other context of suspension (e.g., 'He hung from the monkey bars'), use 'hung'.

It's an informal adjective meaning suffering from the after-effects of drinking too much alcohol (a hangover).

A jury that cannot agree on a unanimous verdict, resulting in a mistrial for that case.

Yes, in contexts like 'hung parliament', 'hung jury', or 'hung over'. It describes a state resulting from the verb 'hang'.