largen

Very Low / Obsolete
UK/ˈlɑːdʒən/US/ˈlɑːrdʒən/

Archaic, Poetic, Dialectal

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Definition

Meaning

(Archaic/Regional) To make larger, enlarge, or to grow larger; an old verb form meaning to increase in size or extent.

It has largely fallen out of standard use, surviving in some regional dialects, poetry, or as a self-conscious archaic usage to mean 'to become large' or 'to enlarge'.

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

A back-formation from the adjective 'large' and an older verb 'enlarge'. It's a rare example of a verb where a comparative form serves as a base for a verb. It carries a somewhat rustic or old-fashioned nuance when used today.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

Equally rare in both varieties. May have slightly stronger historical attestation in British regional dialects.

Connotations

In both, it carries a strong archaic or dialectal flavor. Its use in modern contexts is highly marked and likely intentional for stylistic effect.

Frequency

Effectively zero in contemporary corpora for both AmE and BrE. Found primarily in historical texts or poetic imitations of archaic speech.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
hearteyesappetitefortunes
medium
desiresoulambitionworld
weak
to largendid largenshall largen

Grammar

Valency Patterns

[Subject] largens (transitive)[Subject] largens (intransitive)

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

swellamplifymagnify

Neutral

enlargeexpandincreasegrow

Weak

widenextend

Vocabulary

Antonyms

shrinkdiminishlessenreduce

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • To largen one's heart (to become more generous)

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Not used.

Academic

Only in historical linguistics or literary analysis of older/dialectal texts.

Everyday

Not used in standard speech. May be encountered as a humorous or poetic coinage.

Technical

Not used.

Examples

By Part of Speech

verb

British English

  • He sought to largen his estate by purchasing the adjoining fields.
  • Her heart seemed to largen with compassion for the stray creature.

American English

  • The developer's plans would largen the shopping plaza considerably.
  • In the tale, the hero's courage largens with each challenge.

adverb

British English

  • N/A

American English

  • N/A

adjective

British English

  • N/A

American English

  • N/A

Examples

By CEFR Level

A2
  • N/A - This word is not taught at A2 level.
B1
  • N/A - This word is not taught at B1 level.
B2
  • The poet used the archaic word 'largen' to give an old-fashioned feel to the verse.
  • While 'enlarge' is standard, some dialects historically used 'largen'.
C1
  • The author's deliberate use of 'largen' in the narrative served to archaize the protagonist's speech, subtly signalling his rustic origins.
  • Linguists note that 'largen' is a back-formation that never achieved the lexical stability of 'widen' or 'shorten'.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: 'Large' wants to become a verb, so it adds '-(e)n' like 'widen' or 'lengthen' to become LARGEN.

Conceptual Metaphor

GROWTH IS PHYSICAL EXPANSION (The heart largens with joy; ambition largens like a balloon).

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Do not confuse with 'large'. It is a verb, so a direct translation to a Russian adjective like 'большой' is incorrect. Requires a verbal phrase like 'делать больше', 'увеличивать(ся)'.

Common Mistakes

  • Using it in formal/modern writing. Assuming it's a standard synonym for 'enlarge'. Incorrectly conjugating as 'largened' instead of 'largened' (both archaic).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The old maps showed how the city had over the centuries, swallowing up the surrounding villages. (Hint: an archaic verb)
Multiple Choice

The word 'largen' is best described as:

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

It is a historical word, recorded in the Oxford English Dictionary, but it is now considered archaic, dialectal, or poetic. It is not part of modern standard English.

Generally, no. Unless you are writing historical fiction, poetry with an archaic style, or specifically discussing the word itself, you should use standard alternatives like 'enlarge', 'expand', or 'increase'.

The attested historical past tense and past participle is 'largened', following the regular pattern (e.g., 'He largened the hole').

'Enlarge' (from Old French 'enlargir') entered English earlier and became the standard. 'Largen', a later native English formation from 'large', remained non-standard and eventually faded from common use.