lipogram: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C1/C2
UK/ˈlɪpə(ʊ)ɡræm/US/ˈlɪpəˌɡræm/

Technical (literary/linguistic), formal

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Quick answer

What does “lipogram” mean?

A piece of writing that deliberately avoids using one or more letters of the alphabet.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A piece of writing that deliberately avoids using one or more letters of the alphabet.

A literary constraint or formal technique in which a text is composed without including a specific letter or letters. Often used in literature, puzzles, or games to demonstrate creative challenge.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant difference in meaning or usage.

Connotations

Same technical/literary connotation in both varieties.

Frequency

Equally rare and specialist in both UK and US English.

Grammar

How to Use “lipogram” in a Sentence

lipogram (on/in) {letter}lipogram (of) {letter}lipogram (without) {letter}

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
write a lipogramfamous lipogramnovel is a lipogram
medium
lipogrammatic constraintimpossible lipogramcompose a lipogram
weak
ingenious lipogramhistorical lipogramcomplete lipogram

Examples

Examples of “lipogram” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • He attempted to lipogrammatise his novel by omitting the letter 'e'.
  • The challenge was to lipogram the entire chapter.

American English

  • She lipogrammed her poem, avoiding all vowels.
  • To lipogram a text requires immense concentration.

adverb

British English

  • He wrote lipogrammatically, eschewing the commonest letter.
  • The novel was composed lipogrammatically.

American English

  • She constructed the sentence lipogrammatically.
  • Writing lipogrammatically is a formidable task.

adjective

British English

  • The lipogrammatic text was surprisingly fluid.
  • He admired her lipogrammatic skill.

American English

  • It was a lipogrammatic masterpiece.
  • The lipogrammatic constraint forced creative word choice.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Virtually never used.

Academic

Used in literary studies, creative writing, or linguistics to discuss formal constraints and experimental literature.

Everyday

Extremely rare, only among enthusiasts of word games or literary puzzles.

Technical

Used in linguistics to describe texts with self-imposed phonetic/graphemic limitations.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “lipogram”

Neutral

constrained writingletter-avoidance

Weak

linguistic constraintformal constraint

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “lipogram”

pangramunconstrained writing

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “lipogram”

  • Confusing it with 'pangram' (a sentence using all letters).
  • Incorrect pronunciation: /laɪpəɡræm/ (it's /ˈlɪpə/).
  • Using it as a verb ('to lipogram' is very rare and not standard).

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

The novel 'Gadsby' (1939) by Ernest Vincent Wright, written entirely without the letter 'e', is the most cited example.

No, it is a highly specialised term used primarily in literary analysis, creative writing circles, and linguistic discussions.

Yes, while many lipograms avoid a single letter (often 'e'), the constraint can be extended to omit multiple letters, making the composition significantly more challenging.

A pangram is the opposite—a sentence or piece of writing that uses every letter of the alphabet at least once. The classic example is 'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'

A piece of writing that deliberately avoids using one or more letters of the alphabet.

Lipogram is usually technical (literary/linguistic), formal in register.

Lipogram: in British English it is pronounced /ˈlɪpə(ʊ)ɡræm/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈlɪpəˌɡræm/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: LIPO = LIP (something missing) + GRAM = writing. A writing with something (a letter) missing.

Conceptual Metaphor

WRITING IS A CONTAINER FROM WHICH ELEMENTS ARE REMOVED.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The entire 50,000-word novel was composed as a , never once using the letter 'e'.
Multiple Choice

What is the defining feature of a lipogram?