microsatellite: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Rare/Very Low
UK/ˌmaɪ.krəʊˈsæt.ə.laɪt/US/ˌmaɪ.kroʊˈsæt̬.əl.aɪt/

Technical/Scientific

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Quick answer

What does “microsatellite” mean?

A short, repetitive sequence of DNA, typically 2-6 base pairs long, repeated numerous times in a row.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A short, repetitive sequence of DNA, typically 2-6 base pairs long, repeated numerous times in a row.

A segment of DNA characterized by a short, tandemly repeated sequence; widely used as a genetic marker in genetic mapping, population studies, and forensic analysis due to its high variability.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant differences in meaning or usage. Spelling and pronunciation are consistent.

Connotations

Purely technical term with no regional connotations.

Frequency

Used with identical frequency and context in British and American scientific literature.

Grammar

How to Use “microsatellite” in a Sentence

The researchers identified a [ADJ] microsatellite in the genome.Microsatellite [PLURAL NOUN] are used to track inheritance.The study focused on microsatellite instability in [TYPE OF CANCER].

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
DNA microsatellitemicrosatellite instabilitymicrosatellite markermicrosatellite locusmicrosatellite repeat
medium
analyse microsatellitespolymorphic microsatelliteidentify a microsatellitemicrosatellite data
weak
human microsatellitecommon microsatellitespecific microsatellite

Examples

Examples of “microsatellite” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • N/A

American English

  • N/A

adverb

British English

  • N/A

American English

  • N/A

adjective

British English

  • The microsatellite data provided a clear lineage.
  • They performed a microsatellite analysis.

American English

  • The microsatellite analysis confirmed paternity.
  • Microsatellite markers are highly informative.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Not used.

Academic

Primary context. Used in genetics, molecular biology, forensic science, and evolutionary biology papers and textbooks.

Everyday

Virtually never used in everyday conversation.

Technical

The exclusive domain of use. Precise term in laboratory reports, genetic analyses, and research protocols.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “microsatellite”

Strong

STR (Short Tandem Repeat)SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat)

Neutral

short tandem repeat (STR)simple sequence repeat (SSR)

Weak

genetic markerrepetitive DNA element

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “microsatellite”

minisatellitesingle nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)unique sequence DNA

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “microsatellite”

  • Misspelling as 'microsatelite' (missing one 'l').
  • Confusing with 'minisatellite' (which has longer repeat units).
  • Using it as a general term for any small object in space.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No, it is a highly specialized scientific term used almost exclusively in genetics, molecular biology, and related fields. It is not used in everyday conversation.

The key difference is the length of the repeated unit. Microsatellites have very short repeat units (2-6 base pairs). Minisatellites have longer repeat units (typically 10-60 base pairs).

No, 'microsatellite' is exclusively a noun. Related actions would use verbs like 'analyse', 'type', 'amplify', or 'identify' microsatellites.

They are highly polymorphic (variable) between individuals, making them excellent markers for genetic fingerprinting, paternity testing, population genetics studies, and tracing disease inheritance.

A short, repetitive sequence of DNA, typically 2-6 base pairs long, repeated numerous times in a row.

Microsatellite is usually technical/scientific in register.

Microsatellite: in British English it is pronounced /ˌmaɪ.krəʊˈsæt.ə.laɪt/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˌmaɪ.kroʊˈsæt̬.əl.aɪt/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • N/A

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Imagine a tiny (MICRO) satellite orbiting a planet. Now imagine it's made of repeating LEGO blocks (repeats) instead of metal. That's a MICRO-repeating-SATELLITE of DNA.

Conceptual Metaphor

A GENETIC BARCODE or FINGERPRINT (due to its use in unique identification). A STUTTER IN THE GENETIC CODE (due to its repetitive nature).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In forensic science, markers are crucial for creating a DNA fingerprint because they are highly variable between individuals.
Multiple Choice

What is the most common contemporary use of the term 'microsatellite'?