molotov cocktail: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C1
UK/ˌmɒl.ə.tɒf ˈkɒk.teɪl/US/ˌmoʊ.lə.tɔːf ˈkɑːk.teɪl/

Informal, Journalistic, Military/Conflict

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Quick answer

What does “molotov cocktail” mean?

A simple hand-thrown incendiary weapon, typically a glass bottle filled with flammable liquid and a fuel-soaked rag wick.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A simple hand-thrown incendiary weapon, typically a glass bottle filled with flammable liquid and a fuel-soaked rag wick.

Any improvised explosive or incendiary device used in protests, riots, or guerrilla warfare; symbolically, a metaphor for a crude but effective weapon of asymmetric conflict or radical opposition.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant lexical differences. Spelling is identical.

Connotations

Identical strong connotations of civil unrest, protest, or guerrilla tactics.

Frequency

Comparable frequency in both varieties, primarily in news reporting on conflicts, protests, or historical contexts.

Grammar

How to Use “molotov cocktail” in a Sentence

[Subject: protester/militant] + [Verb: threw/hurled] + a Molotov cocktail + [at/into: target]A Molotov cocktail + [Verb: exploded/smashed] + [Adverbial: against the wall/on the vehicle]

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
hurl a Molotov cocktailthrow a Molotov cocktailimprovised Molotov cocktail
medium
armed with Molotov cocktailsa barrage of Molotov cocktailsprotesters and Molotov cocktails
weak
crude Molotov cocktailfiery Molotov cocktailhomemade Molotov cocktail

Examples

Examples of “molotov cocktail” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The building was Molotov-cocktailed by the rioters.

American English

  • Protesters threatened to Molotov-cocktail the empty precinct.

adjective

British English

  • They faced Molotov-cocktail attacks throughout the night.

American English

  • The group had a Molotov-cocktail mentality, preferring crude, direct action.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare. Possibly metaphorical: 'The new policy was a Molotov cocktail for the market.'

Academic

Used in historical, political science, or conflict studies contexts to describe asymmetric warfare or civil unrest.

Everyday

Used in news discussions about protests or conflicts. Not typical in casual conversation.

Technical

Used in military, law enforcement, or security contexts to describe a specific type of improvised incendiary weapon (IED variant).

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “molotov cocktail”

Strong

petrol bomb (UK/AU)firebomb

Neutral

petrol bombincendiary devicefirebomb

Weak

improvised explosivemakeshift bomb

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “molotov cocktail”

peace offeringdiplomatic notelegal protestofficial weapon

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “molotov cocktail”

  • Incorrect capitalisation ('molotov cocktail'), forgetting it's a proper noun. Misspelling as 'Molotov coctail'. Using in inappropriate formal contexts.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, 'Molotov' is a proper name (from Vyacheslav Molotov), so it is typically capitalised, though informal usage sometimes uses lower case.

Yes, in informal/journalistic contexts, it can be used as a verb (e.g., 'to Molotov-cocktail a building'), meaning to attack with such a device.

They are synonyms. 'Petrol bomb' is a more generic descriptive term (common in UK English), while 'Molotov cocktail' is the specific historical term with its origin story.

In many jurisdictions, inciting violence or providing detailed instructions for creating weapons can have legal consequences. The term itself is not illegal, but context matters greatly.

A simple hand-thrown incendiary weapon, typically a glass bottle filled with flammable liquid and a fuel-soaked rag wick.

Molotov cocktail is usually informal, journalistic, military/conflict in register.

Molotov cocktail: in British English it is pronounced /ˌmɒl.ə.tɒf ˈkɒk.teɪl/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˌmoʊ.lə.tɔːf ˈkɑːk.teɪl/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • The Molotov cocktail of discontent (metaphorical)

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Molotov COCKTAIL: Think of a dangerous, flaming cocktail you'd never want to drink, named after a Soviet official.

Conceptual Metaphor

ANGER/OPPOSITION IS FIRE; AN IMPROVISED SOLUTION IS A HOMEMADE WEAPON.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
During the uprising, protesters constructed crude from bottles and petrol.
Multiple Choice

What is the primary historical origin of the term 'Molotov cocktail'?

Practise

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