monkey wrench: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Intermediate (for tool meaning), Low-to-Intermediate (for metaphorical meaning)
UK/ˈmʌŋki rentʃ/US/ˈmʌŋki rɛntʃ/

Informal for the metaphorical meaning. Neutral for the tool meaning.

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Quick answer

What does “monkey wrench” mean?

A large, adjustable wrench/spanner with a movable jaw.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A large, adjustable wrench/spanner with a movable jaw.

An unexpected obstacle or disruption that throws plans into disarray.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

The tool is more commonly called a 'Monkey Wrench' in North America. In British English, the general term 'adjustable spanner' is more common, though 'monkey wrench' is understood.

Connotations

The idiom 'throw a monkey wrench in/into the works' is common in AmE and understood in BrE, but 'throw a spanner in the works' is the standard BrE equivalent idiom.

Frequency

Metaphorical use is higher frequency in AmE; the literal tool term is lower frequency in BrE.

Grammar

How to Use “monkey wrench” in a Sentence

[Someone] threw a monkey wrench into [something/plans/proceedings]A [noun phrase] acted as a monkey wrench

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
throw a monkey wrench intomonkey wrench in the worksadjustable monkey wrench
medium
used a monkey wrenchgrab a monkey wrenchloosen with a monkey wrench
weak
big monkey wrenchold monkey wrenchheavy monkey wrench

Examples

Examples of “monkey wrench” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The union's action could monkey-wrench the entire negotiation process.

American English

  • The sudden storm monkey-wrenched our weekend camping trip.

adjective

British English

  • He had a monkey-wrench effect on the committee's progress.

American English

  • It was a real monkey-wrench situation nobody anticipated.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Used metaphorically to discuss unexpected disruptions to projects or deals.

Academic

Rare, except in historical or technical discussions of tools.

Everyday

Used literally for DIY/repairs, and metaphorically for plans gone awry.

Technical

Refers to a specific type of adjustable wrench.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “monkey wrench”

Strong

spanner (UK, for tool)hitchsnagcomplication

Neutral

adjustable wrenchadjustable spannerobstacledisruption

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “monkey wrench”

solutionaidfacilitatorfixed wrench/spanner

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “monkey wrench”

  • Using 'monkey wrench' to refer to all wrenches (it's a specific type).
  • Saying 'throw a monkey wrench in the machine' instead of the idiomatic '...in the works'.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No, they are different. A monkey wrench has smooth, parallel jaws for gripping nuts and bolts. A pipe wrench has serrated jaws that tighten under pressure, designed for gripping pipes.

Yes, informally, especially in North America. It means to sabotage or disrupt something, e.g., 'to monkey-wrench a plan'.

Etymology is uncertain, but a leading theory is that it's named after its inventor, London blacksmith Charles Moncke (or a similar name), with 'Moncke' later becoming 'monkey'.

They are largely synonymous in modern American English, both meaning to cause a disruption. 'Monkey wrench' is the older, more specific form, while 'wrench' is a common modern shortening.

A large, adjustable wrench/spanner with a movable jaw.

Monkey wrench is usually informal for the metaphorical meaning. neutral for the tool meaning. in register.

Monkey wrench: in British English it is pronounced /ˈmʌŋki rentʃ/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈmʌŋki rɛntʃ/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • throw a monkey wrench in the works

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Imagine a monkey mischievously grabbing a large wrench and throwing it into the delicate gears of a machine, ruining everything. This links the tool to the idea of disruption.

Conceptual Metaphor

PROBLEMS ARE OBSTRUCTIONS IN MACHINERY. A smooth-running plan is a well-oiled machine; a disruption is a foreign object (a wrench) thrown into it.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The sudden rain really our picnic plans.
Multiple Choice

In British English, which phrase is the closest equivalent to the American idiom 'throw a monkey wrench in the works'?

Practise

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