monosome: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Very Low
UK/ˈmɒnə(ʊ)səʊm/US/ˈmɑːnəsoʊm/

Highly Technical/Scientific

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Quick answer

What does “monosome” mean?

A single, unpaired chromosome, or a ribosome composed of a single subunit.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A single, unpaired chromosome, or a ribosome composed of a single subunit.

In biology, primarily refers to: 1. In genetics/cell biology: an unpaired chromosome in a diploid organism; the state of having one copy of a particular chromosome instead of two. 2. In molecular biology: a ribosome that is not attached to messenger RNA (mRNA) and is dissociated into its subunits, or sometimes refers to a single ribosomal subunit.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant differences in meaning or usage. Spelling and pronunciation are consistent. The technical contexts (genetics, molecular biology) are identical.

Connotations

None beyond its precise scientific definition.

Frequency

Extremely rare in both varieties, confined to technical literature.

Grammar

How to Use “monosome” in a Sentence

The patient has a monosome for chromosome X.Monosomes were isolated via centrifugation.A monosome refers to a single ribosomal subunit.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
constitutionalpartialribosomalcytoplasmicformation of
medium
humanmouseisolatedfreestate
weak
largesmallstudiedobserved

Examples

Examples of “monosome” in a Sentence

adjective

British English

  • The monosome state was confirmed by karyotype analysis.
  • Monosome ribosomes are inactive in translation.

American English

  • The monosome condition is often lethal in humans.
  • Monosome fractions were collected from the gradient.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Never used.

Academic

Exclusively used in specialized biological research papers, textbooks, and presentations on genetics or protein synthesis.

Everyday

Virtually never used. Unknown to the general public.

Technical

Core term in specific sub-fields of biology. Precision is critical.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “monosome”

Strong

monosomic chromosome (in context)

Neutral

unpaired chromosomesingle chromosomefree ribosome

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “monosome”

disometrisomepolysomepaired chromosome

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “monosome”

  • Misspelling as 'monosone' or 'monosomie'.
  • Using it in non-biological contexts.
  • Confusing it with 'monosomy' (the condition, not the object).

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No, it is a highly specialized scientific term used only in genetics and molecular biology.

'Monosome' refers to the physical chromosome that is unpaired. 'Monosomy' is the condition of having one copy of a chromosome instead of the usual two in a diploid cell.

Not typically. A person has a 'monosomy' (the condition). The cell or karyotype contains a 'monosome' (the specific chromosome).

Almost exclusively in academic research papers, advanced biology textbooks, or medical reports concerning chromosomal abnormalities or ribosome biochemistry.

A single, unpaired chromosome, or a ribosome composed of a single subunit.

Monosome is usually highly technical/scientific in register.

Monosome: in British English it is pronounced /ˈmɒnə(ʊ)səʊm/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈmɑːnəsoʊm/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • None

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think 'MONO' (one) + 'SOME' (body/chromosome) = a single chromosome body.

Conceptual Metaphor

An unpaired sock in a drawer of pairs (for the genetic meaning); a single worker idle without instructions (for the ribosomal meaning).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In Turner syndrome, a female has a for the X chromosome.
Multiple Choice

In molecular biology, a 'monosome' most specifically refers to:

Practise

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