parallel evolution: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

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UK/ˈpærəlel ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/US/ˈpɛrəˌlɛl ˌɛvəˈluʃ(ə)n/

Academic / Technical

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Quick answer

What does “parallel evolution” mean?

The independent development of similar traits or characteristics in unrelated species or lineages, often due to similar environmental pressures, rather than shared ancestry.

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Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

The independent development of similar traits or characteristics in unrelated species or lineages, often due to similar environmental pressures, rather than shared ancestry.

The independent emergence of similar ideas, technologies, cultural practices, or social structures in different, unconnected societies or systems.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant differences in meaning or usage. Spelling of 'parallel' is consistent.

Connotations

Identical in both varieties.

Frequency

Slightly more frequent in American academic writing due to larger volume of publications in evolutionary biology.

Grammar

How to Use “parallel evolution” in a Sentence

[Subject] undergoes parallel evolution with [another subject]Parallel evolution of [trait] in [species/groups]It is an example of parallel evolution.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
exhibit parallel evolutiona classic case of parallel evolutionresult from parallel evolution
medium
striking parallel evolutionevolutionary biologyconvergent evolution
weak
study parallel evolutionexplain parallel evolutionprocess of parallel evolution

Examples

Examples of “parallel evolution” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • These two lineages appear to have paralleled each other's evolution in several key features.
  • The research suggests the wings paralleled an evolutionary path seen in other insects.

American English

  • These two lineages appear to have paralleled each other's evolution in several key features.
  • The study shows how their social structures paralleled an evolutionary trajectory seen elsewhere.

adverb

British English

  • The traits evolved parallelly, yet independently.
  • (Note: 'Parallelly' is rare and awkward; 'in parallel' is preferred.)

American English

  • The traits evolved parallelly, yet independently.
  • (Note: 'Parallelly' is rare and awkward; 'in parallel' is preferred.)

adjective

British English

  • The parallel evolutionary pathways led to remarkably similar jaw structures.
  • We observed a parallel evolutionary process in the two island populations.

American English

  • The parallel evolutionary pathways led to remarkably similar jaw structures.
  • They documented a parallel evolutionary process in the two isolated groups.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare. Might be used metaphorically: 'The parallel evolution of streaming platforms in different markets shows a universal demand.'

Academic

Common in biology, anthropology, linguistics, and history. 'The paper discusses the parallel evolution of bipedalism in hominins.'

Everyday

Very rare. Would be used by educated speakers in specific discussions.

Technical

Core term in evolutionary biology and related fields. Precisely defined.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “parallel evolution”

Neutral

convergent evolutionindependent development

Weak

analogous developmentparallel development

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “parallel evolution”

divergent evolutioncommon descentshared ancestry

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “parallel evolution”

  • Using it to mean 'simultaneous evolution' without the emphasis on independent development of similar traits.
  • Confusing it with 'convergent evolution' (parallel is a subset of convergent, often involving more closely related species).
  • Misspelling 'parallel' (double 'l' at end, single 'l' in middle).

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

They are closely related. Convergent evolution is the broader term for unrelated species developing similar traits. Parallel evolution is often considered a subtype, typically used when the species are more closely related and evolve similar traits from a similar ancestral condition.

Yes, it is commonly used as a metaphor in social sciences, technology studies, and history to describe the independent emergence of similar innovations or social structures in unconnected societies.

It's when two separate groups independently 'invent' the same solution to a problem posed by their environment, without copying each other.

Divergent evolution, where related species become less similar over time due to adapting to different environments.

Parallel evolution is usually academic / technical in register.

Parallel evolution: in British English it is pronounced /ˈpærəlel ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈpɛrəˌlɛl ˌɛvəˈluʃ(ə)n/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • [Not a phrase that forms idioms]

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of two separate roads (parallel lines) leading to the same destination (similar trait), without ever crossing (no shared ancestry).

Conceptual Metaphor

SEPARATE PATHS TO THE SAME DESTINATION.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The similar body shape of dolphins and ichthyosaurs, despite one being a mammal and the other a reptile, is a textbook example of .
Multiple Choice

What is the key factor distinguishing 'parallel evolution' from 'common descent'?