pathologize: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C2
UK/pəˈθɒlədʒaɪz/US/pəˈθɑːlədʒaɪz/

Formal, Academic, Clinical, Critical Social Science

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Quick answer

What does “pathologize” mean?

To treat or characterize a normal behaviour, condition, or emotion as a medical problem or psychological disorder.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

To treat or characterize a normal behaviour, condition, or emotion as a medical problem or psychological disorder.

To analyse or interpret something, particularly in a social or cultural context, through the lens of disease, disorder, or abnormality, often implying an overreach or problematic application of medical concepts.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

The spelling variant 'pathologise' is the standard British form, while 'pathologize' is standard in American English. No significant difference in meaning or usage.

Connotations

Identical; the critical connotation is present in both varieties.

Frequency

Slightly more common in American academic and critical discourse, but widely used in both.

Grammar

How to Use “pathologize” in a Sentence

[Subject] pathologizes [Object][Object] is pathologized (by [Subject])to pathologize [Object] as [Complement]

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
tendency to pathologizedanger of pathologizingresists pathologizing
medium
unfairly pathologizeroutinely pathologizedrisk pathologizing
weak
quickly pathologizesocially pathologizedpublicly pathologized

Examples

Examples of “pathologize” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • Some critics argue that we pathologise normal childhood shyness.
  • The Victorian era pathologised female sexuality in unhelpful ways.

American English

  • The media often pathologizes political dissent as mental instability.
  • We must be careful not to pathologize grief.

adverb

British English

  • He spoke pathologisingly about everyday anxiety.

American English

  • The condition was described pathologizingly in the report.

adjective

British English

  • She wrote a paper on the pathologising discourse in 19th-century psychiatry.
  • His approach was seen as overly pathologising.

American English

  • The article criticizes the pathologizing language used in some self-help books.
  • They rejected the pathologizing model of addiction.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare, but may appear in critiques of 'burnout culture' being pathologized instead of addressing workplace structures.

Academic

Common in sociology, psychology, gender studies, and critical theory to critique the expansion of diagnostic categories.

Everyday

Very rare; used by informed laypeople discussing mental health or societal trends.

Technical

Used in clinical psychology, psychiatry, and medical ethics to discuss diagnostic boundaries and potential overdiagnosis.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “pathologize”

Strong

overmedicalizedisease-monger

Neutral

medicalizediagnose as pathological

Weak

categorize as illview as disordered

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “pathologize”

normalizede-pathologizevalidatedestigmatize

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “pathologize”

  • Using it as a neutral synonym for 'diagnose' (it is critical).
  • Misspelling as 'pathelogize' or 'phathologize'.
  • Using it in contexts where a genuine pathology is uncontroversially present.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, in contemporary usage it is predominantly used in a critical sense to label an action as an overreach or misapplication of medical concepts.

The most common related noun is 'pathologization' (or 'pathologisation' in UK English), meaning the process or result of pathologizing something.

It would be contradictory. The term implies treating a non-pathological state as pathological. A genuine disease is, by definition, already pathological.

To 'stigmatize' is to treat someone with disgrace or shame. To 'pathologize' is to frame their state as a medical disorder. Pathologization can be a specific form of stigmatization, but not all stigmatization is medical in nature.

To treat or characterize a normal behaviour, condition, or emotion as a medical problem or psychological disorder.

Pathologize is usually formal, academic, clinical, critical social science in register.

Pathologize: in British English it is pronounced /pəˈθɒlədʒaɪz/, and in American English it is pronounced /pəˈθɑːlədʒaɪz/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • to pathologize the human condition
  • a pathologizing gaze

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of 'PATHOLOGY' (study of disease) + '-IZE' (to make into). 'To PATHOLOG-IZE' is to 'make something into a pathology' that may not be one.

Conceptual Metaphor

NORMAL IS HEALTHY / ABNORMAL IS DISEASED. The act of pathologizing applies the 'DISEASE' metaphor frame to a wide range of states.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
Some sociologists argue that the medical profession has begun to normal ageing, turning it into a series of treatable conditions.
Multiple Choice

In which context is the verb 'pathologize' most accurately used?