pestilence: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Low (C1-C2 vocabulary)
UK/ˈpestɪləns/US/ˈpestələns/

Literary/Formal/Historical

My Flashcards

Quick answer

What does “pestilence” mean?

A fatal epidemic disease, especially bubonic plague.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A fatal epidemic disease, especially bubonic plague

Any destructive, morally corrupting, or pernicious influence that spreads widely and causes great harm

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant usage differences; equally literary/archaic in both varieties

Connotations

Identical - evokes medieval plagues, Biblical references, and metaphorical corruption

Frequency

Equally rare in modern speech in both varieties; slightly more likely in British historical texts due to European plague history

Grammar

How to Use “pestilence” in a Sentence

Pestilence + verb (spread/ravage/strike)Adjective + pestilencePestilence + prepositional phrase (of corruption)

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
bubonic pestilencegreat pestilencepestilence spreadpestilence ravagedpestilence struck
medium
dreaded pestilencedeadly pestilenceancient pestilencepestilence and faminemoral pestilence
weak
fear pestilenceavoid pestilencedescribe pestilencehistory pestilencecity pestilence

Examples

Examples of “pestilence” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The village was pestilenced by the outbreak

American English

  • The corruption pestilenced the entire organisation

adverb

British English

  • The disease spread pestilentially through the crowded streets

American English

  • The rumor circulated pestilentially throughout the community

adjective

British English

  • The pestilential air of the swamp spread disease

American English

  • His pestilential influence corrupted the whole team

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Metaphorical: 'The corruption was a pestilence on the industry'

Academic

Historical studies: 'The Black Death was the great pestilence of the 14th century'

Everyday

Rare except in dramatic metaphors: 'Gossip spread through the office like a pestilence'

Technical

Medical history: 'Historical accounts of pestilence mortality rates'

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “pestilence”

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “pestilence”

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “pestilence”

  • Using for minor illnesses
  • Confusing with 'pesticide' or 'pest'
  • Using in modern medical contexts
  • Misspelling as 'pestilance'

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No. Pestilence is more literary/historical and implies greater mortality. Pandemic is a modern technical term for global spread regardless of severity

Only in highly dramatic/literary contexts. In standard usage, it would sound archaic or exaggerated

Plague specifically refers to Yersinia pestis bacteria. Pestilence can refer to any deadly epidemic disease, especially in historical contexts

No. It always carries negative connotations of widespread death, destruction, or moral decay

A fatal epidemic disease, especially bubonic plague.

Pestilence is usually literary/formal/historical in register.

Pestilence: in British English it is pronounced /ˈpestɪləns/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈpestələns/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • Pestilence upon you (archaic curse)
  • A pestilence in the land

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

PEST + SILENCE → When pestilence strikes, pests (rats) bring disease, and then silence (death) follows

Conceptual Metaphor

EVIL IS A DISEASE / CORRUPTION IS A CONTAGION

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The great of 1665 killed nearly a quarter of London's population
Multiple Choice

Which context is LEAST appropriate for 'pestilence'?