pollyanna: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples
C1/C2informal, literary, sometimes pejorative
Quick answer
What does “pollyanna” mean?
An excessively cheerful, optimistic person who tends to find the good in everything, often to an unrealistic degree.
Audio
Pronunciation
Definition
Meaning and Definition
An excessively cheerful, optimistic person who tends to find the good in everything, often to an unrealistic degree.
Someone who displays an unwavering, often naively simplistic optimism, sometimes interpreted as a refusal to acknowledge negative realities or problems; a personification of the 'positive thinking' philosophy.
Dialectal Variation
British vs American Usage
Differences
No significant spelling, grammatical, or pronunciation differences. Slight variance in cultural recognition, potentially higher in the US due to the novel's American origin.
Connotations
Similar pejorative sense in both varieties: suggesting naïve, willful ignorance of difficulties.
Frequency
Low-to-medium frequency in both, used as a descriptive label rather than a common everyday word.
Grammar
How to Use “pollyanna” in a Sentence
a pollyanna (about/of something)be a pollyannaplay the pollyannaVocabulary
Collocations
Examples
Examples of “pollyanna” in a Sentence
verb
British English
- He tends to pollyanna his way through every crisis, which can be infuriating.
American English
- She pollyannaed the whole situation, insisting it was a 'blessing in disguise'.
adverb
British English
- He responded pollyannaishly, refusing to see any downside.
American English
- She smiled pollyanna-like, assuring everyone it would work out perfectly.
Usage
Meaning in Context
Business
Rare, used critically to describe a colleague who ignores risks or negative data in planning: 'His pollyanna forecasts ignored the market downturn.'
Academic
Rare, used in literary criticism or psychology to label characters or theories seen as naively optimistic.
Everyday
Most common context for labelling someone seen as unrealistically cheerful or ignoring problems: 'Stop being such a pollyanna about the traffic; we'll be late!'
Technical
Not used in technical fields.
Watch out
Common Mistakes When Using “pollyanna”
- Capitalising it (it's often lowercased in modern use).
- Using it as a purely positive term.
- Confusing it with 'Panglossian' (which is more literary and philosophical).
FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
It is typically used with a negative or critical connotation, implying that someone's optimism is naive, unrealistic, or irritating. It suggests a refusal to see or deal with negative realities.
While derived from a proper name (the novel's character), in modern usage it is commonly lowercased ('pollyanna') when used as a common noun meaning an overly optimistic person. Capitalisation ('Pollyanna') is also correct, especially when referring directly to the character.
An 'optimist' is someone who generally expects good outcomes, which is a neutral or positive trait. A 'pollyanna' is an *excessively* or *unrealistically* cheerful optimist, often to the point of ignoring facts or problems, which is usually seen as a flaw.
Yes, though it's informal. To 'pollyanna' (or 'pollyanna something') means to treat a situation with excessive or unwarranted optimism (e.g., 'He pollyannaed the budget shortfall'). The forms 'pollyannaish' (adj.) and 'pollyannaishly' (adv.) are also used.
An excessively cheerful, optimistic person who tends to find the good in everything, often to an unrealistic degree.
Pollyanna is usually informal, literary, sometimes pejorative in register.
Pollyanna: in British English it is pronounced /ˌpɒl.iˈæn.ə/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˌpɑː.liˈæn.ə/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.
Phrases
Idioms & Phrases
- “to play the pollyanna”
- “a pollyanna attitude/view”
Learning
Memory Aids
Mnemonic
Think of Polly + Anna. 'Polly' (like a parrot that repeats cheerful words) + 'Anna' (sounds like 'on a' cloud) = a person who is always 'on a' cheerful, unrealistic cloud.
Conceptual Metaphor
UNREALISTIC OPTIMISM IS A BLINDING FILTER; LIFE IS A GAME WHERE YOU MUST FIND THE POSITIVE.
Practice
Quiz
In which context is calling someone a 'pollyanna' MOST likely an insult?