predisposition

C1-C2
UK/ˌpriːdɪspəˈzɪʃ(ə)n/US/ˌpridɪspəˈzɪʃ(ə)n/

Formal

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Definition

Meaning

A tendency or inclination to think, feel, or behave in a particular way, or to be susceptible to a particular condition.

An existing condition or set of beliefs that makes someone more likely to develop a certain characteristic, accept an idea, or contract an illness.

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

Typically used for inherent or prior tendencies (genetic, psychological, or experiential) that incline someone toward something. It implies a state that exists before a specific influence or event.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant spelling or usage differences. Slightly more common in American medical/psychological writing.

Connotations

Identical connotations in both varieties.

Frequency

Comparable frequency in both; academic/formal term.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
genetic predispositionnatural predispositioninherent predisposition
medium
family predispositionstrong predispositionshow a predisposition
weak
cultural predispositionpossible predispositionindicate a predisposition

Grammar

Valency Patterns

predisposition to/towards [noun]predisposition to [infinitive]predisposition for [noun/gerund]

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

susceptibilityliabilityproneness

Neutral

tendencyinclinationpropensity

Weak

leaningbentdisposition

Vocabulary

Antonyms

immunityresistanceaversiondisinclination

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • Born with a silver spoon (related to socioeconomic predisposition)
  • A chip off the old block (related to behavioral predisposition)

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Rare. Used in HR contexts, e.g., 'a predisposition for leadership'.

Academic

Common in psychology, medicine, genetics, and sociology to discuss inherent risks or inclinations.

Everyday

Limited. Used in discussions about health, personality, or opinions.

Technical

Frequent in medical genetics ('a genetic predisposition to breast cancer') and psychological profiling.

Examples

By Part of Speech

verb

British English

  • His early experiences predisposed him to distrust authority.
  • Factors like diet can predispose one to illness.

American English

  • Her genetics predisposed her to heart disease.
  • That policy could predispose voters against the candidate.

adverb

British English

  • She listened predisposedly, already inclined to believe him. (Rare/Formal)
  • N/A

American English

  • N/A
  • N/A

adjective

British English

  • He was predisposed to favour the proposal.
  • Children are not predisposed to dislike vegetables.

American English

  • She was genetically predisposed to be tall.
  • I'm predisposed to agree with her argument.

Examples

By CEFR Level

B1
  • Some people have a natural predisposition to be optimistic.
  • His family history suggests a predisposition to allergies.
B2
  • The study examined a genetic predisposition towards certain addictive behaviours.
  • Her early training gave her a predisposition for meticulous work.
C1
  • The political culture of the region created a profound predisposition towards scepticism of federal authority.
  • Researchers identified a biological predisposition that interacts with environmental stressors to trigger the condition.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: PRE (before) + DISPOSITION (state of mind/body) = a state you have BEFORE something happens.

Conceptual Metaphor

PREDISPOSITION IS A SLOPE (It makes it easier to slide in a certain direction).

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Avoid direct calque from 'предрасположенность' where 'tendency' or 'inclination' might be more natural in simpler contexts.
  • Do not confuse with 'prejudice' ('предубеждение').

Common Mistakes

  • Misspelling as 'predispositon' (missing 'i').
  • Using 'predisposition of' instead of 'predisposition to/towards'.
  • Confusing it with 'prediction'.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
His family's medical history indicated a strong to cardiovascular disease.
Multiple Choice

Which of the following sentences uses 'predisposition' INCORRECTLY?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

'Predisposition' is more formal and often implies an underlying, inherent state (genetic, psychological) that exists *before* an influence. 'Tendency' is more general and can describe observed patterns of behaviour without specifying an inherent cause.

Yes. While often used for medical risks, it can describe positive inclinations, e.g., 'a predisposition for mathematics' or 'a natural predisposition to kindness'.

The most common are 'to' (predisposition to anger/be angry) and 'towards' (predisposition towards scepticism). 'For' is also possible but less frequent (predisposition for getting into trouble).

Primarily, yes. The related verb is 'predispose' and the adjective is 'predisposed'.

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