preening: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C1
UK/ˈpriːnɪŋ/US/ˈpriːnɪŋ/

formal, descriptive, sometimes pejorative; common in literary, journalistic, and zoological contexts.

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Quick answer

What does “preening” mean?

the act of grooming oneself with careful attention, especially used of birds or humans who are fussing over their appearance.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

the act of grooming oneself with careful attention, especially used of birds or humans who are fussing over their appearance.

Can refer metaphorically to smug self-satisfaction, self-congratulation, or taking excessive pride in oneself, often with a focus on presenting a polished image.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

Usage is largely identical. 'Preen' might be slightly more common in British nature writing.

Connotations

In both, the metaphorical use carries a negative connotation of vanity and self-satisfaction.

Frequency

Similar frequency; appears in similar registers (literary, critical, zoological).

Grammar

How to Use “preening” in a Sentence

[Subject] + be + preening + ([Object])[Subject] + spend/waste + time + preening[Subject] + be + preening + itself/themselves

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
preening and struttingpreening in the mirrorpreening its featherspreening himself
medium
public preeningendless preeningpreening behaviorpreening politician
weak
preening with pridestop preeningpreening for hourspreening carefully

Examples

Examples of “preening” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The sparrow was preening its wing feathers after the bath.
  • She spent ages preening in the hall mirror before the party.

American English

  • The eagle preened itself on a high branch.
  • He's always preening in front of any reflective surface.

adverb

British English

  • He stood preeningly before the admiring crowd.
  • The bird groomed itself preeningly.

American English

  • She glanced preeningly at her reflection in the window.
  • He accepted the compliment preeningly.

adjective

British English

  • The preening behaviour of the cygnets was documented.
  • He gave a preening smile to the cameras.

American English

  • The preening cat licked its paw meticulously.
  • Her preening attitude annoyed her practical colleagues.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Used critically for someone overly focused on image rather than substance (e.g., 'The CEO's preening during the merger announcement was off-putting.').

Academic

Used in zoology/ethology for animal behavior (e.g., 'Preening is a critical maintenance behavior in avian species.').

Everyday

Describing someone spending too long in front of a mirror or acting vainly (e.g., 'He's always preening before we go out.').

Technical

Zoological term for feather maintenance; in social sciences, can describe self-presentation rituals.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “preening”

Strong

smartening upsprucing uppluming

Neutral

groomingprimpingtidying

Weak

arrangingsmoothingadjusting

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “preening”

neglectingdishevelingmussing up

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “preening”

  • Using 'preening' for simple cleaning (it implies meticulous, prideful grooming).
  • Confusing with 'primping' (more for hair/makeup; 'preening' is broader/often bird-specific).

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Mostly, yes. It carries connotations of vanity, self-absorption, and smugness. Neutral use is typically reserved for the literal bird behavior.

Rarely directly. It's primarily for animate subjects (birds, people, sometimes animals). Metaphorically, institutions or their representatives can be described as 'preening'.

'Grooming' is broader and more neutral (personal hygiene, animal care). 'Preening' is a specific type of grooming (especially of feathers) and strongly implies pride and meticulousness in the act.

In continuous tenses and as a noun (the act), 'preening' is very common. The base verb 'preen' is also frequent, especially in simple past/present (e.g., 'The bird preened').

the act of grooming oneself with careful attention, especially used of birds or humans who are fussing over their appearance.

Preening is usually formal, descriptive, sometimes pejorative; common in literary, journalistic, and zoological contexts. in register.

Preening: in British English it is pronounced /ˈpriːnɪŋ/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈpriːnɪŋ/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • preen like a peacock
  • preening one's feathers

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Imagine a vain, GREEN parrot PREENING its feathers, looking pristine.

Conceptual Metaphor

SELF-IMPORTANCE IS PREENING (e.g., 'He preened over his minor victory.').

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
After his promotion, he couldn't stop in front of his colleagues, adjusting his tie and smiling smugly.
Multiple Choice

In which context is 'preening' used most literally?