reaction time

C1
UK/riˈækʃən ˌtaɪm/US/riˈækʃən ˌtaɪm/

Technical/Formal

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Definition

Meaning

The time interval between the presentation of a stimulus and the initiation of a motor response to that stimulus.

In general use, the time it takes for a person or system to respond to a given event or condition.

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

Primarily a technical term in fields like psychology, neuroscience, ergonomics, and sport. Can also be used metaphorically in non-technical contexts to describe the speed of response of any entity.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant lexical differences; the term is identical and used identically in both contexts. Spelling follows local conventions (e.g., 'behavioural reaction time' vs. 'behavioral reaction time').

Connotations

Identical technical connotations in both varieties.

Frequency

Equally common in relevant technical fields in both varieties.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
simple reaction timechoice reaction timeaverage reaction timevisual reaction timeauditory reaction time
medium
improve reaction timeslow reaction timequick/fast reaction timemeasure reaction timedriver's reaction time
weak
good reaction timebad reaction timelong reaction timehuman reaction time

Grammar

Valency Patterns

reaction time to (stimulus)reaction time of (subject)reaction time for (task)

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

response latency

Neutral

response timeresponse latency

Weak

reflex speedresponse speed

Vocabulary

Antonyms

incubation periodlag time (in some contexts)

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • (to have) the reaction time of a sloth
  • lightning-fast reaction time

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Rare; might be used metaphorically: 'The company's reaction time to market changes was too slow.'

Academic

Common in psychology, neuroscience, and sports science research papers to discuss cognitive or motor response speed.

Everyday

Used when discussing driving, sports performance, or video games: 'My reaction time isn't good enough for this game.'

Technical

The standard term in experimental psychology (e.g., 'simple auditory reaction time task'), human factors engineering, and athletics.

Examples

By Part of Speech

verb

British English

  • We will reaction-time the participants under three conditions.
  • The athlete has been reaction-timed weekly.

American English

  • The study reaction-timed all subjects.
  • They are reaction-timing the new recruits.

adverb

British English

  • The stimuli were presented reaction-time randomly.
  • He reacted reaction-time slowly to the cue.

American English

  • Participants responded reaction-time quickly.
  • The signal was processed reaction-time efficiently.

adjective

British English

  • The reaction-time data showed a significant effect.
  • We used a simple reaction-time task.

American English

  • The reaction-time task was administered digitally.
  • We analyzed the reaction-time measures.

Examples

By CEFR Level

A2
  • A good driver needs a fast reaction time.
B1
  • Playing action video games can improve your reaction time.
  • His reaction time was slower when he was tired.
B2
  • The experiment measured the participants' reaction times to both auditory and visual stimuli.
  • A pilot's reaction time is critical in emergency situations.
C1
  • The study found a significant correlation between caffeine consumption and reduced choice reaction time in complex decision-making tasks.
  • Factors such as age, fatigue, and cognitive load can all detrimentally affect simple reaction time.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of a tennis player REACTING to a serve – the TIME it takes from seeing the ball to swinging the racket.

Conceptual Metaphor

THE MIND/BODY AS A COMPUTER PROCESSOR (processing input and producing output after a measurable delay).

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Avoid translating as "время реакции" in overly literal contexts where "скорость реакции" is more natural. Also, note that "reaction" here is not химическая реакция (chemical reaction).

Common Mistakes

  • Using plural 'reactions time' (incorrect)
  • Confusing with 'reflex', which is an involuntary, stereotyped response; reaction time can involve conscious choice.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In a laboratory setting, a researcher might use a computer program to measure a subject's to a flashing light.
Multiple Choice

In which field is 'reaction time' LEAST likely to be a core technical term?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

It is a two-word compound noun, similar to 'swimming pool' or 'post office'.

Yes, it can be used metaphorically for machines, organizations, or software (e.g., 'the server's reaction time to the request').

Simple reaction time involves responding to a single, predictable stimulus (e.g., pressing a key when a light appears). Choice reaction time involves discriminating between different stimuli and selecting the appropriate response (e.g., pressing key 'A' for a red light and key 'B' for a green light).

Not always. In complex situations, speed can come at the cost of accuracy. The ideal is a balance of speed and appropriate response (speed-accuracy tradeoff).