ribose: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C1
UK/ˈraɪbəʊz/US/ˈraɪboʊs/

Academic / Technical (Scientific)

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Quick answer

What does “ribose” mean?

A pentose sugar (C5H10O5) that is a component of RNA and various coenzymes.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A pentose sugar (C5H10O5) that is a component of RNA and various coenzymes.

Any of its derivatives or analogues used in biochemistry and molecular biology.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant difference in meaning or use; identical in scientific contexts.

Connotations

Neutral scientific term in both varieties.

Frequency

Extremely rare outside biochemistry; identical frequency in relevant scientific literature.

Grammar

How to Use “ribose” in a Sentence

ribose is a component of XX contains ribosethe ribose in Xribose-phosphate backbone

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
deoxyriboseribonucleic acid (RNA)ribose phosphateribose sugarD-ribose
medium
contains ribosesynthesis of riboseribose backboneribose moietyribose ring
weak
pure riboseribose compoundribose structureribose moleculeribose unit

Examples

Examples of “ribose” in a Sentence

adjective

British English

  • The ribose sugar is phosphorylated.
  • A ribose-containing compound.

American English

  • The ribose sugar is phosphorylated.
  • A ribose-containing compound.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Almost never used.

Academic

Core term in biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, and related life sciences.

Everyday

Virtually never used; unknown to most non-specialists.

Technical

Essential precise term for describing RNA structure, nucleotide synthesis, and metabolic pathways.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “ribose”

Strong

D-ribose

Neutral

pentose sugar

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “ribose”

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “ribose”

  • Misspelling as 'ribeose' or 'ribos'.
  • Confusing it with 'ribosome' (a cellular structure).
  • Mispronouncing as /rɪˈboʊs/.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Ribose has a hydroxyl (-OH) group on the 2' carbon of its ring, while deoxyribose has only a hydrogen (-H) atom at that position. This small difference affects the stability and function of RNA vs. DNA.

Pure ribose is not a common dietary component, but it is synthesized in our cells from glucose via the pentose phosphate pathway. It is found in all living cells as part of RNA and energy molecules like ATP.

It is an essential building block of RNA (ribonucleic acid), which plays crucial roles in protein synthesis, gene regulation, and as the genetic material for some viruses. It is also a component of key energy-carrying molecules (ATP, NADH).

No, it is a highly specialised scientific term. Using it outside a biochemical context would likely cause confusion, as most people are unfamiliar with it.

A pentose sugar (C5H10O5) that is a component of RNA and various coenzymes.

Ribose is usually academic / technical (scientific) in register.

Ribose: in British English it is pronounced /ˈraɪbəʊz/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈraɪboʊs/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • None

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

RNA's Sugar: Remember RIBose for RIBonucleic acid (RNA), just as DEOXYribose is for DNA.

Conceptual Metaphor

Building block / component.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The key structural difference between RNA and DNA is the presence of in the sugar-phosphate backbone.
Multiple Choice

Ribose is primarily associated with which biological molecule?