secondary phloem: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Rare (Technical)
UK/ˈsɛkənd(ə)ri ˈfləʊɛm/US/ˈsɛkənˌdɛri ˈfloʊɛm/

Technical / Academic

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Quick answer

What does “secondary phloem” mean?

The phloem tissue produced by the vascular cambium in the stems and roots of woody plants, involved in transporting sugars and nutrients.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

The phloem tissue produced by the vascular cambium in the stems and roots of woody plants, involved in transporting sugars and nutrients.

In botany, the inner bark of a tree or shrub, consisting of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibres, and parenchyma cells, which is formed after the primary growth phase and contributes to the plant's lateral growth.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant lexical or conceptual differences. Spelling conventions follow standard UK/US patterns for other words in the sentence.

Connotations

Purely technical and identical in both varieties.

Frequency

Equally rare and confined to specialised botanical texts in both regions.

Grammar

How to Use “secondary phloem” in a Sentence

The secondary phloem [VERBs]...[PLANT] produces secondary phloem.Secondary phloem is composed of...The function of secondary phloem is to...

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
produceformdevelopconsist ofcomposederived fromvascular cambium
medium
study theexamine thelayer oftissue calledcomponent of bark
weak
abundantfunctionalwoody planttree's

Examples

Examples of “secondary phloem” in a Sentence

adjective

British English

  • The secondary-phloem development was remarkable.
  • They studied secondary-phloem structure.

American English

  • The secondary-phloem development was remarkable.
  • They studied secondary-phloem structure.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Not used.

Academic

Standard term in plant anatomy, forestry, and botany textbooks and research papers.

Everyday

Virtually never used.

Technical

Essential term in arboriculture, dendrology, plant physiology, and wood science.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “secondary phloem”

Neutral

inner bark (in a descriptive, non-technical sense)bast (archaic/less specific)

Weak

phloem tissueconducting tissue

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “secondary phloem”

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “secondary phloem”

  • Pronouncing 'phloem' with a hard 'ph' as in 'phone' (correct: /ˈfləʊɛm/).
  • Confusing it with 'phloem' in general.
  • Misspelling as 'secondary floem'.
  • Using it in non-botanical contexts.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, its conducting sieve tube elements are living cells, though they lose their nuclei at maturity. The companion cells and parenchyma are fully alive.

'Phloem' is the general tissue type for sugar transport. 'Secondary phloem' is a subset, specifically the phloem produced by the vascular cambium during the secondary (lateral) growth of stems and roots.

Not distinctly. It is part of the inner bark. You see bark as a whole, which includes secondary phloem, cortex, and periderm.

No. Only gymnosperms and woody dicotyledons (trees and shrubs) undergo secondary growth and thus produce secondary phloem. Herbaceous plants and monocots typically do not.

The phloem tissue produced by the vascular cambium in the stems and roots of woody plants, involved in transporting sugars and nutrients.

Secondary phloem is usually technical / academic in register.

Secondary phloem: in British English it is pronounced /ˈsɛkənd(ə)ri ˈfləʊɛm/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈsɛkənˌdɛri ˈfloʊɛm/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: 'SECOND job for the plant' – after primary growth, the SECONDary phloem is made for long-term transport. Phloem sounds like 'flow' – it flows with sap.

Conceptual Metaphor

PLANT VASCULAR SYSTEM AS A ROAD NETWORK: Secondary phloem is the 'inner ring road' or 'secondary highway system' built later to service the growing girth of the tree.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In a cross-section of an oak trunk, the is found between the vascular cambium and the outer bark.
Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of secondary phloem?