stationary point: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C1
UK/ˈsteɪʃ(ə)n(ə)ri pɔɪnt/US/ˈsteɪʃəˌnɛri pɔɪnt/

technical (mathematics, physics, engineering), formal academic

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Quick answer

What does “stationary point” mean?

A point on a curve where the derivative is zero.

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Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A point on a curve where the derivative is zero; the function's rate of change is momentarily zero.

In mathematics (especially calculus and optimization), a point where the tangent to the curve is horizontal. It can be a local maximum, local minimum, or a point of inflection. In physics and engineering, it can refer to a point of equilibrium where a system is not changing.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant difference in technical meaning or usage. British English may be more likely to use the synonym 'turning point' in certain A-level/GCSE educational contexts for local maxima/minima.

Connotations

Neutral technical term in both varieties.

Frequency

Equally common in academic and technical texts in both regions.

Grammar

How to Use “stationary point” in a Sentence

The function HAS a stationary point AT x=2.We FIND the stationary points BY differentiating.The stationary point IS CLASSIFIED AS a maximum.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
find stationary pointslocate stationary pointscalculate stationary pointsstationary points of a functioncritical/stationary points
medium
classify stationary pointsdetermine the nature of stationary pointsinvestigate stationary pointsoccur at a stationary point
weak
interesting stationary pointrelevant stationary pointcomplex stationary pointstationary point analysis

Examples

Examples of “stationary point” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • The curve stations briefly at the point x=5 before descending again. (Rare, metaphorical)

American English

  • The function's value stations at a local maximum. (Rare, metaphorical)

adverb

British English

  • The graph behaved stationarily near x=0. (Highly technical/rare)

American English

  • The derivative vanished stationarily. (Highly technical/rare)

adjective

British English

  • The stationary-point analysis revealed two potential optima.

American English

  • We need to consider the stationary-point behaviour of the system.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare. Potentially in analytical contexts: 'We've reached a stationary point in our growth curve.'

Academic

Common in mathematics, physics, and engineering lectures, textbooks, and problem sets.

Everyday

Virtually never used.

Technical

Core term in calculus, optimization, dynamical systems, and thermodynamic analysis.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “stationary point”

Strong

turning point (when specifically a max/min)extremum point (if a max/min)

Neutral

critical point (in calculus)point of zero gradient

Weak

horizontal tangent pointzero-derivative point

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “stationary point”

point of maximum changepoint of non-zero gradientnon-stationary point

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “stationary point”

  • Confusing 'stationary' (not moving) with 'stationery' (writing materials). Misspelling as 'stationery point'. Using it to mean 'a fixed location' in non-mathematical contexts.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No. A stationary point can be a local maximum, a local minimum, or a point of inflection (like on the curve y=x^3 at x=0).

In many contexts, they are used interchangeably. However, some definitions reserve 'critical point' for where the derivative is zero OR undefined, while 'stationary point' specifically requires the derivative to be zero.

Take the first derivative of the function, set it equal to zero, and solve the resulting equation for the variable(s).

Yes, a function can have multiple stationary points (e.g., a polynomial of degree n can have up to n-1 stationary points).

A point on a curve where the derivative is zero.

Stationary point is usually technical (mathematics, physics, engineering), formal academic in register.

Stationary point: in British English it is pronounced /ˈsteɪʃ(ə)n(ə)ri pɔɪnt/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈsteɪʃəˌnɛri pɔɪnt/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • The function levels off at a stationary point.
  • The graph flattens out at the stationary point.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of a car (the function) coming to a temporary, complete stop (stationary) on a hill (the curve). That stop is the stationary point.

Conceptual Metaphor

A FUNCTION IS A JOURNEY; A STATIONARY POINT IS A PAUSE OR A REST STOP ON THAT JOURNEY.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
To find potential local maxima or minima, we first calculate the of the function.
Multiple Choice

What is a stationary point?