sulfanilyl group: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C2/Highly Technical
UK/ˌsʌlfəˈnɪlɪl ɡruːp/US/ˌsʌlfəˈnɪlɪl ɡrup/

Technical/Scientific (Chemistry, Pharmacology)

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Quick answer

What does “sulfanilyl group” mean?

The chemical functional group –SO₂–C₆H₄–NH₂, derived from sulfanilic acid.

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Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

The chemical functional group –SO₂–C₆H₄–NH₂, derived from sulfanilic acid; a key component in sulfonamide antibiotics.

In organic and medicinal chemistry, the sulfanilyl group serves as the structural backbone of sulfa drugs (sulfonamides), which function as antibacterial agents by inhibiting bacterial folate synthesis.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant usage difference. Spelling follows regional norms: 'sulphonamide' (UK) vs. 'sulfonamide' (US), but 'sulfanilyl' is standard in IUPAC nomenclature.

Connotations

Purely technical with strong historical connotations linked to the discovery of the first broadly effective antibacterial drugs in the 1930s.

Frequency

Extremely low frequency outside specialized chemistry/pharmacology texts. More common in historical contexts discussing the development of sulfa drugs.

Grammar

How to Use “sulfanilyl group” in a Sentence

The [compound] contains a sulfanilyl group.The sulfanilyl group is essential for [activity].[Modification] of the sulfanilyl group alters [properties].

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
sulfanilyl groupsulfanilyl moietysulfanilyl radicalsulfanilyl derivativecontaining a sulfanilyl group
medium
antibacterial activity of the sulfanilyl groupattach a sulfanilyl groupmodify the sulfanilyl group
weak
based onessentialcore structure

Examples

Examples of “sulfanilyl group” in a Sentence

adjective

British English

  • The sulfanilyl-containing compound showed potent activity.
  • The sulfanilyl moiety was characterised by NMR.

American English

  • The sulfanilyl-containing compound showed potent activity.
  • The sulfanilyl moiety was characterized by NMR.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Academic

Used in chemistry and pharmacology research papers, textbooks, and historical reviews of chemotherapy.

Everyday

Virtually never used.

Technical

Central term for describing the core structure of sulfonamide antibacterial agents in medicinal chemistry.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “sulfanilyl group”

Strong

sulfonamide pharmacophore

Neutral

p-aminobenzenesulfonamido group4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group

Weak

sulfa drug backbone

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “sulfanilyl group”

  • Misspelling as 'sulfanilyl' or 'sulfanyl'.
  • Confusing it with the broader term 'sulfonamide'.
  • Using it in non-chemical contexts.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

No. A sulfonamide is a general class of compounds containing the -SO₂NH₂ group. The sulfanilyl group is a specific type of sulfonamide that also has a para-aminophenyl ring (-C₆H₄–NH₂), making it the core structure of medicinal sulfa drugs.

It represents the essential structure of sulfa drugs, which were the first effective, systemically active antibacterial medications. Their discovery and use in the 1930s marked the beginning of the modern era of antibiotic chemotherapy.

Almost exclusively in advanced chemistry or pharmacology courses, historical medical texts, and research literature on antibiotic drug design and mechanism of action.

It is pronounced with the primary stress on 'nil': sul-fa-NIL-yl (/ˌsʌlfəˈnɪlɪl/). The 'sul' is like 'sulfa', and the 'yl' is pronounced like 'ill'.

The chemical functional group –SO₂–C₆H₄–NH₂, derived from sulfanilic acid.

Sulfanilyl group is usually technical/scientific (chemistry, pharmacology) in register.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: SULFa-drug + ANIline + -YL group = SULFANILYL. It's the 'sulfa' part that fights bacteria.

Conceptual Metaphor

ARCHITECTURAL/BUILDING BLOCK: The sulfanilyl group is the foundational scaffold or chassis upon which different modifications are built to create various sulfa drugs.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
Prontosil, the first sulfa drug, is metabolised in the body to release the active group.
Multiple Choice

What is the primary significance of the sulfanilyl group?