sweats

B1
UK/swɛts/US/swɛts/

Mostly informal, except in medical/physiological contexts.

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Definition

Meaning

A condition or instance of sweating profusely, often due to exertion, illness, or anxiety. Also, plural of 'sweat' referring to moisture exuded through skin pores.

Informal term for sweatpants or other casual athletic clothing. In financial contexts, can refer to a 'cold sweat' of panic. Can metaphorically describe intense anxiety or hard work ('the sweats' of labor).

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

As a plural noun ('the sweats'), it often implies a recurring or intense episode. The clothing sense is primarily North American informal.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

British English more commonly uses 'tracksuit bottoms' or 'jogging bottoms' for the clothing item. 'Sweats' as clothing is distinctly American informal.

Connotations

In both varieties, 'the sweats' connotes illness or anxiety. The clothing sense in the US is neutral-casual; in the UK, using 'sweats' for clothing may sound Americanised.

Frequency

The physiological/anxiety sense is equally frequent. The clothing sense is high-frequency in US informal speech, low-frequency in UK English.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
night sweatsbreak out in sweatscold sweatshave the sweats
medium
anxiety sweatsfever sweatswear sweatsold sweats
weak
morning sweatsclammy sweatsdrenched in sweatsfit of sweats

Grammar

Valency Patterns

suffer from + the sweatsbreak out in + sweatsbe soaked in + sweatswear + sweats

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

diaphoresis (medical)hidrosis (medical)tracksuit (UK for clothing)

Neutral

perspirationdampnesssweatpants (for clothing)

Weak

moisturewetnessloungewear (broader)

Vocabulary

Antonyms

drynesscoolnessformalwear

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • no sweat
  • sweat it out
  • sweat of one's brow
  • cold sweat

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Rare. Possibly in informal contexts: 'Don't get in a sweat over the deadline.'

Academic

Used in medical/physiology texts: 'Patients reported nocturnal sweats.'

Everyday

High frequency: 'I woke up in a cold sweat.' / 'I'm just wearing sweats today.' (US)

Technical

Medical: 'Night sweats are a common symptom.' Sports science: 'Fluid loss through sweats was measured.'

Examples

By Part of Speech

verb

British English

  • He sweats profusely during his workouts.

American English

  • She sweats the details on every project.

adjective

British English

  • The sweat-drenched shirt needed washing.
  • A sweat-inducing climb.

American English

  • He changed into sweat clothes after the game.
  • A sweat-stained hat.

Examples

By CEFR Level

A2
  • I wear my sweats when I relax at home.
  • He got sweats from the fever.
B1
  • After the nightmare, she woke up in a cold sweat.
  • He always wears sweats to the gym.
B2
  • The sudden sweats were a side effect of the medication.
  • She lounged around the house in an old pair of sweats.
C1
  • The investor broke out in a cold sweat as the market plummeted.
  • The diagnostic workup included investigating her debilitating night sweats.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

SWEATS = SUDDEN WETNESS Emanating At Tense Situations.

Conceptual Metaphor

ANXIETY/ILLNESS IS A HEAT WAVE (breaking out in sweats); CASUAL COMFORT IS LOOSE CLOTHING (living in sweats).

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Avoid translating 'sweats' (clothing) as 'пот' (sweat). Use 'спортивные штаны' or 'толстовка с штанами'.
  • 'The sweats' is a condition, not an object. Not 'поты', but 'испарина', 'потливость'.

Common Mistakes

  • Using 'sweats' as a singular noun (*'a sweats').
  • Using 'sweats' for a single garment (*'a sweat').
  • Confusing 'sweats' (clothing) with 'sweaters' (jumpers).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The flu gave him a fever and terrible night .
Multiple Choice

In American informal English, what does 'sweats' most commonly refer to, besides perspiration?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

It is a plural noun. You cannot have 'a sweats'. For a single episode, you say 'a sweat' or more commonly 'a cold sweat'.

It is understood but sounds American. In the UK, 'tracksuit bottoms', 'joggers', or 'jogging bottoms' are more common.

'Sweat' is uncountable for moisture ('dripping with sweat'). 'Sweats' is plural, referring to episodes or attacks of sweating ('the night sweats'), or is a short form for sweatpants/sweatshirts.

No, it is informal for clothing and for describing anxiety/illness episodes. In formal medical writing, terms like 'diaphoresis' or 'nocturnal perspiration' are used.