transfect: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

C2
UK/trænsˈfekt/US/trænsˈfekt/

Technical / Scientific

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Quick answer

What does “transfect” mean?

To introduce foreign DNA or RNA into a eukaryotic cell, typically to study gene function or produce proteins.

Audio

Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

To introduce foreign DNA or RNA into a eukaryotic cell, typically to study gene function or produce proteins.

The process of deliberately introducing nucleic acids into cells using non-viral methods, such as chemical reagents, electroporation, or physical delivery.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant lexical differences. Spelling follows standard conventions (e.g., 'practise/practice' in related noun forms).

Connotations

None beyond the technical meaning.

Frequency

Used with identical frequency and meaning in molecular biology contexts in both UK and US English.

Grammar

How to Use “transfect” in a Sentence

transfect [cells] with [DNA/RNA]transfect [DNA/RNA] into [cells]

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
cellsDNAplasmidreagenteukaryoticefficiently
medium
successfullymammalianvectorliposome-mediatedtransiently
weak
protocolexperimentcultureanalyzeexpression

Examples

Examples of “transfect” in a Sentence

verb

British English

  • We need to transfect the HEK293 cells with the GFP plasmid tomorrow.
  • The lab is practising how to transfect primary neurons efficiently.

American English

  • We will transfect the HeLa cells with the siRNA using Lipofectamine.
  • The protocol explains how to transfect a plasmid into adherent cells.

adjective

British English

  • The transfected culture showed strong fluorescence.
  • We analysed the transfection efficiency.

American English

  • The transfected cells were harvested after 48 hours.
  • Optimal transfection conditions must be determined.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Virtually never used.

Academic

Common in molecular biology, genetics, cell biology, and biotechnology research papers and protocols.

Everyday

Not used.

Technical

The primary context. Refers to a standard laboratory procedure.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “transfect”

Strong

transduce (specifically for viral methods)

Neutral

introduce nucleic acidsdeliver genetic material

Weak

transfer genesmodify cells

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “transfect”

untreated controlmock-transfect

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “transfect”

  • Using 'transfect' for bacterial transformation.
  • Using 'transfect' as a noun (the correct noun is 'transfection').
  • Confusing 'transfect' (non-viral) with 'transduce' (viral).

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

'Transform' is used for introducing DNA into bacterial or plant cells. 'Transfect' is specifically for introducing nucleic acids into animal or other eukaryotic cells using non-viral methods.

No, the correct noun form is 'transfection' (e.g., 'We performed a transfection').

No, it is an artificial laboratory technique. Natural gene transfer between cells is termed 'transduction' (viral) or 'conjugation' (bacterial).

Common methods include using chemical reagents (lipofection, calcium phosphate), physical methods (electroporation, microinjection), or lipid nanoparticles.

To introduce foreign DNA or RNA into a eukaryotic cell, typically to study gene function or produce proteins.

Transfect is usually technical / scientific in register.

Transfect: in British English it is pronounced /trænsˈfekt/, and in American English it is pronounced /trænsˈfekt/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think 'TRANSfer inFECTION' – you're transferring genetic material into a cell, mimicking an infection process but without a virus.

Conceptual Metaphor

CELL AS A FACTORY: Transfecting is like delivering a new blueprint (DNA) to the factory's control room to make it produce a new product.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The researcher's goal was to the human cells with the synthetic mRNA.
Multiple Choice

What is the primary meaning of 'transfect'?