trial jury: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

B2/C1
UK/ˈtraɪəl ˈdʒʊəri/US/ˈtraɪəl ˈdʒʊri/

Formal, legal, journalistic, academic

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Quick answer

What does “trial jury” mean?

A group of ordinary citizens (jurors) who are sworn in to hear evidence in a court of law and decide questions of fact in a legal case, typically resulting in a verdict.

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Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

A group of ordinary citizens (jurors) who are sworn in to hear evidence in a court of law and decide questions of fact in a legal case, typically resulting in a verdict.

The institution of the jury system as a component of the right to a fair trial; can also metaphorically refer to any group assembled to judge or assess something (e.g., 'the trial jury of public opinion').

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

The concept and function are identical in both systems, though jury size (traditionally 12 in UK, often 6-12 in US) and unanimity requirements can vary. The UK term 'jury service' vs. US 'jury duty' for the citizen's obligation.

Connotations

Strongly associated with democratic rights, civic duty, and the principle of being judged by one's peers. In the US, it is a central, constitutionally-protected right; in the UK, it is a long-standing common law tradition.

Frequency

Slightly more frequent in American English media and discourse due to the high-profile nature of jury trials in US news and popular culture.

Grammar

How to Use “trial jury” in a Sentence

The trial jury (verb) the evidence.The trial jury (verb) the defendant (adjective).A trial jury was (verb) to decide the case.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
sit on aserve on aempanel aselect ainstruct theaddress thethe verdict of thea hung
medium
trial byright to aconvene adismiss thequestion themember of the
weak
impartialcivilcriminalpetittwelve-membersequestered

Examples

Examples of “trial jury” in a Sentence

noun

British English

  • The trial jury retired to consider its verdict after a three-week case.
  • Selection of the trial jury was a meticulous process.
  • The integrity of the trial jury is paramount to justice.

American English

  • The trial jury found the defendant not guilty on all counts.
  • She was excused from serving on the trial jury due to hardship.
  • The defence attorney's closing argument was aimed directly at the trial jury.

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare, unless in context of corporate litigation (e.g., 'The CEO faced a trial jury for fraud.').

Academic

Common in legal, political science, and history texts discussing judicial systems, civic participation, and legal rights.

Everyday

Used when discussing news stories about court cases, or personal experiences with jury duty/service.

Technical

Precise legal term distinguishing the trial jury from other types (grand jury, coroner's jury).

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “trial jury”

Strong

panel of jurorstwelve angry men (colloquial, from play/film)

Neutral

petit juryjury of one's peersfact-finder

Weak

tribunal (in some contexts)adjudicating body

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “trial jury”

bench trialjudge-only trialsummary proceedingarbitration panel

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “trial jury”

  • Using 'judge jury' (redundant/incorrect).
  • Confusing 'trial jury' with 'grand jury'.
  • Saying 'jury trial' instead of 'trial jury' when referring to the people (jury trial = the event; trial jury = the group).

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, 'petit jury' (from French 'small') is the formal, alternative legal term for a trial jury, distinguishing it from a 'grand jury'.

Procedures vary by jurisdiction. Typically, jurors must remain passive listeners, but in some courts (e.g., some UK courts, Arizona in US), jurors may submit written questions for the judge to consider asking witnesses.

It results in a 'hung jury'. The judge declares a mistrial, and the case may be retried with a new trial jury.

Potential jurors are randomly selected from voter or driver registration lists. The final jury is chosen through a process called 'voir dire', where lawyers and the judge question them to ensure impartiality.

A group of ordinary citizens (jurors) who are sworn in to hear evidence in a court of law and decide questions of fact in a legal case, typically resulting in a verdict.

Trial jury is usually formal, legal, journalistic, academic in register.

Trial jury: in British English it is pronounced /ˈtraɪəl ˈdʒʊəri/, and in American English it is pronounced /ˈtraɪəl ˈdʒʊri/. Tap the audio buttons above to hear it.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • Trial by jury
  • The jury is out (metaphorical extension)
  • A jury of one's peers
  • To put something before a jury

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think of a TRIAL (the main court event) needing a TRI- (three-part) process: judge, lawyers, and JURY. The jury is essential for the trial.

Conceptual Metaphor

JUSTICE IS A SCALE WEIGHED BY THE PEOPLE; A TRIAL JURY IS THE CONSCIENCE OF THE COMMUNITY.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
In a criminal case, the determines the facts, while the judge rules on matters of law.
Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of a trial jury?

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