twenty-first

A1
UK/ˌtwenti ˈfɜːst/US/ˌtwenti ˈfɜːrst/ /ˌtwɛn(t)i ˈfɝst/

Neutral; used in all registers from formal to informal.

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Definition

Meaning

The ordinal number corresponding to the cardinal number 21; the position or item in a sequence after the twentieth.

The day of a month; the celebration of a 21st birthday; designating something in the 21st position in a series.

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

Functions primarily as an adjective or noun. As a noun, it often refers specifically to a 21st birthday celebration.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant differences in meaning or usage. Both use 'twenty-first' for the ordinal number and the birthday.

Connotations

In both cultures, 'the twenty-first' strongly connotes the age of legal majority (for activities like drinking in the UK, or drinking/voting in the US).

Frequency

Equally frequent. The noun form 'twenty-first birthday' is extremely common.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
birthdaycenturyamendmentfloorJune
medium
anniversaryeditionattemptday of the month
weak
positioncontestantchapteritem on the list

Grammar

Valency Patterns

the twenty-first of [Month]her twenty-first [birthday]in the twenty-first centuryon the twenty-first

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

coming of age (for birthday context)

Neutral

21sttwenty-firstly (rare, for order)

Vocabulary

Antonyms

twentiethtwenty-second

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • The key of the door (UK, traditional gift for 21st birthday)

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Referring to fiscal quarters, deadlines, or report editions (e.g., 'the twenty-first quarterly report').

Academic

Referencing centuries, chronological order, or list positions (e.g., 'the twenty-first element in the series').

Everyday

Overwhelmingly used for dates and birthdays (e.g., 'See you on the twenty-first!').

Technical

Used in numbering sequences in software, engineering, or legal documents (e.g., 'Article Twenty-One').

Examples

By Part of Speech

adjective

British English

  • Her twenty-first birthday party is next Saturday.
  • We live in the twenty-first century.
  • This is the twenty-first edition of the journal.

American English

  • He just had his twenty-first birthday.
  • The Twenty-first Amendment repealed prohibition.
  • Please turn to the twenty-first chapter.

Examples

By CEFR Level

A2
  • My birthday is on the twenty-first of March.
  • She is twenty-one years old.
B1
  • We're meeting for lunch on the twenty-first.
  • He received a watch for his twenty-first.
B2
  • The conference has been rescheduled for the twenty-first.
  • The twenty-first century has seen rapid technological change.
C1
  • The manuscript, dating from the twenty-first dynasty, is remarkably well-preserved.
  • Her twenty-first attempt to quit smoking was finally successful.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: 'Twenty' + 'First'. It's the first number after twenty.

Conceptual Metaphor

A GATE/THRESHOLD (especially for the 21st birthday, marking the transition to full adulthood).

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Do not translate as 'двадцать один' (21) when an ordinal is needed. Use 'двадцать первый'.
  • In dates, English uses ordinal numbers ('the twenty-first'), while Russian typically uses cardinal numbers in the genitive ('двадцать первого').

Common Mistakes

  • Writing '21th' instead of '21st'.
  • Using cardinal 'twenty-one' where ordinal 'twenty-first' is required (e.g., '*I was born on twenty-one May').

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The event is scheduled for May .
Multiple Choice

Which is the correct written form for the ordinal number?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, ordinal numbers from twenty-first to ninety-ninth are hyphenated.

Yes, especially to mean '21st birthday' (e.g., 'We celebrated her twenty-first').

You say 'the twenty-first of June' (UK/commonwealth) or 'June twenty-first' (US).

Historically, it marked the age of legal majority and full adult rights in many countries, like the right to vote.