yigdal

Very Low
UK/ˈjɪɡdɑːl/US/ˈjɪɡdɑːl/

Formal, Religious

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Definition

Meaning

A Jewish liturgical hymn (piyyut) praising God's greatness, traditionally sung at the conclusion of Sabbath or festival evening services.

Refers specifically to the hymn based on Maimonides' Thirteen Principles of Faith; can also refer metonymically to the concluding part of a Jewish religious service.

Linguistics

Semantic Notes

The term is a proper noun (the title of a specific hymn) but can be used in a common noun sense to refer to the act of singing it. It is almost exclusively used within Jewish religious contexts.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

No significant differences in meaning or usage. Spelling and pronunciation are consistent.

Connotations

Carries identical religious and cultural connotations in both Jewish communities.

Frequency

Equally rare in general English, but familiar within Anglo-Jewish communities in both the UK and US.

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
sing the yigdalconclude with yigdalhymn yigdal
medium
prayer yigdaltraditional yigdalsabbath yigdal
weak
beautiful yigdalfamiliar yigdalcommunal yigdal

Grammar

Valency Patterns

[Congregation/Service] + conclude with + Yigdal[Cantor] + leads + the Yigdal

Vocabulary

Synonyms

Strong

Adon Olam (another concluding hymn, sometimes used interchangeably in context)

Neutral

hymnpiyyut (specific type of Jewish liturgical poem)

Weak

prayerdoxology

Vocabulary

Antonyms

secular songsilence

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • None

Usage

Context Usage

Business

Not used.

Academic

Used in religious studies, theology, or musicology papers discussing Jewish liturgy.

Everyday

Extremely rare outside of specific religious practice or discussion.

Technical

Used in liturgical guides, prayer books, and cantorial music notation.

Examples

By CEFR Level

B1
  • After the prayers, they sang Yigdal.
B2
  • The service concluded with a heartfelt rendition of the Yigdal hymn.
C1
  • The cantor's melodic interpretation of the Yigdal, based on Maimonides' principles, provided a profound end to the Sabbath liturgy.

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: 'YIGDAL' = 'Yahweh Is Greatly Deserving All Laud' (acrostic for the hymn's theme).

Conceptual Metaphor

THE CLOSING OF WORSHIP IS A SUMMATION (The Yigdal summarizes core beliefs at the service's end).

Watch out

Common Pitfalls

Translation Traps (for Russian speakers)

  • Do not confuse with Russian 'игдал' (non-existent). It is a transliterated Hebrew term, not a Russian one.

Common Mistakes

  • Mispronouncing the 'g' as soft /dʒ/ (it is /ɡ/).
  • Using it as a common verb (e.g., 'to yigdal').
  • Confusing it with 'Kiddush' or other Jewish ritual terms.

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The evening service traditionally ends with the singing of the .
Multiple Choice

In what context is the word 'Yigdal' primarily used?

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, it is the first word of the hymn in Hebrew (יִגְדַּל), meaning 'May He be magnified'.

No, it is exclusively a proper noun referring to the specific hymn. Using it as a verb (e.g., 'to yigdal') is incorrect.

It is common in Ashkenazi and some Sephardi traditions, but practices vary. Some communities sing 'Adon Olam' instead or in addition.

It is a poetic summation of the Thirteen Principles of Jewish faith as formulated by the medieval rabbi Maimonides.