kim jong il: meaning, definition, pronunciation and examples

Low
UK/ˌkɪm dʒɒŋ ˈɪl/US/ˌkɪm dʒɑːŋ ˈɪl/

Neutral to Formal; can be used in informal/satirical contexts.

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Quick answer

What does “kim jong il” mean?

The former leader of North Korea (1994-2011), the second Supreme Leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

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Pronunciation

Definition

Meaning and Definition

The former leader of North Korea (1994-2011), the second Supreme Leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

Often used metonymically to represent the North Korean regime, its policies, or a symbol of totalitarian leadership. In popular culture, can be referenced in hyperbolic or satirical contexts.

Dialectal Variation

British vs American Usage

Differences

Spelling consistent; no major usage differences. British media may use 'Mr Kim Jong-il' more formally.

Connotations

Similar connotations of dictatorship and isolationism in both varieties.

Frequency

Equally low frequency in both, spiking during news coverage of North Korea.

Grammar

How to Use “kim jong il” in a Sentence

[Kim Jong Il] + [verb in past tense] (ruled, died, visited)During the + [Kim Jong Il] + eraunder + [Kim Jong Il]

Vocabulary

Collocations

strong
regimeeraleadershipdeathcult
medium
policieslegacysuccessorfuneral
weak
bunkerpropagandamissilehaircut

Examples

Examples of “kim jong il” in a Sentence

adjective

British English

  • a Kim Jong Il-style procession
  • Kim Jong Il-era policies

American English

  • a Kim Jong Il-type dictatorship
  • Kim Jong Il-esque secrecy

Usage

Meaning in Context

Business

Rare, except in geopolitical risk analysis (e.g., 'markets were volatile during the Kim Jong Il era').

Academic

Used in political science, history, and Asian studies contexts.

Everyday

Typically in news discussion or historical reference.

Technical

Not applicable.

Vocabulary

Synonyms of “kim jong il”

Strong

the dictatorthe Supreme Leader

Neutral

the Dear Leaderthe former North Korean leader

Weak

Kim Jong-ilKJI (initials)

Vocabulary

Antonyms of “kim jong il”

democratdissidentliberal reformer

Watch out

Common Mistakes When Using “kim jong il”

  • Misspelling: Kim Jong-il, Kim Jong Il (both accepted), Kim Jong II (incorrect Roman numeral). Confusing him with his son, Kim Jong Un.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

In British English: /ˌkɪm dʒɒŋ ˈɪl/. In American English: /ˌkɪm dʒɑːŋ ˈɪl/.

'Dear Leader' (Chosŏn'gŭl: 친애하는 령도자) was the official title used for Kim Jong Il in North Korean media and propaganda.

No, he was the second. His father, Kim Il Sung, was the founding leader.

It is almost exclusively a proper noun. Any figurative use ('a bit of a Kim Jong Il') is informal and metaphoric.

The former leader of North Korea (1994-2011), the second Supreme Leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

Kim jong il is usually neutral to formal; can be used in informal/satirical contexts. in register.

Phrases

Idioms & Phrases

  • None standard; potential creative/satirical use: 'pulling a Kim Jong Il' (acting unpredictably or reclusively).

Learning

Memory Aids

Mnemonic

Think: 'KIM' (Key Isolated Man) JONG (Jong is long, as in long reign) IL (Ill, as in illiberal regime).

Conceptual Metaphor

A PERSON IS A REGIME (He embodied the state); POWER IS A BUNKER (associated with secrecy and isolation).

Practice

Quiz

Fill in the gap
The of Kim Jong Il featured massive military parades and synchronized dances.
Multiple Choice

Kim Jong Il was succeeded by: